| Children’s emotional competence refers to the ability of individuals to perceive and understand their own and others’ emotions,and to maintain and change their relationship with the outside world through adjustment,control and appropriate expression.It is mainly composed of emotional understanding and emotional regulation two parts.Relevant research shows that emotional competence plays a very important role in children’s cognition,personality and social development.However,when faced with negative situations,left-behind children’s emotional adjustment ability is worse than non-left-behind children.In addition,due to the incomplete family structure,most left-behind children are more likely to have problems such as interpersonal tension,emotional instability,poor social adaptability and emotional disorders in daily life than non-left-behind children.According to the results of the sixth national census,the number of left-behind children in China is huge,accounting for more than one-fifth of the total number of children in the country.Therefore,this study examined the characteristics of emotional ability of left-behind children aged 5-6 in rural areas through two studies.It aims to further understand its development characteristics,and to analyze the problems existing in the development of emotional ability of left-behind children,in order to provide reference for the majority of rural parents and early educators.Study 1:Using the situational story test to examine the characteristics of emotional understanding of rural left-behind children aged 5-6.A total of 180 children aged 5-6 years(90 non-left-behind children,taken care by single parent left-behind children,taken care by the grand parents generation left-behind children and taken care by the previous generation left-behind children are both 30)were randomly selected in the kindergarten.Study 2: Characteristics of emotional adjustment of left-behind children aged 5-6 years.In this study,60 children aged 5-6 years(30 non-left-behind children and 30 left-behind children)were randomly selected from the study ones.The experimental observation method was used to explore the situation of children in the face of negative emotions.The emotional adjustment strategy adopted.The results show:(1)The emotional comprehension ability of non-left-behind children is significantly higher than that of left-behind children;girls score significantly higher on belief-based emotional comprehension and moral emotion comprehension than boys,boys with non-left-behind children have an average score that is significantly higher than that of left-behind children.(2)The ability to recognition of happy,sad and fear of non-left-behind children is significantly higher than that of left-behind children;girls with non-left-behind children have significantly higher naming ability for happiness than girls with left-behind children.(3)There is no significant difference in the emotional comprehension ability of left-behind children with different monitoring types.(4)The naming ability to happy of taken care by single parent Children’s is significantly higher than that of taken care by the grand parents generation left-behind children and taken care by the previous generation left-behind children.The ability to recognize of happy and sad is also significantly higher than that of taken care by the previous generation left-behind children,and taken care by the previous generation is worst ability to recognize happy;girls who are left-behind have a significantly higher name for sad than boys.(5)The order of recognition of the four basic expressions by non-left-behind children,taken care by single parent left-behind children and taken care by the grand parents generation left-behind children is: happy>sad>angry>fear;the order of taken care by the previous generation left-behind children is: happy>angry>fear>sad.(6)There is no significant difference in the total scores of emotional adjustment strategies between left-behind children and non-left-behind children;The frequency of non-left-behind children using venting strategy and passive coping strategy is significantly higher than that of left-behind children.Girl use self-comforting emotion regulation strategy significantly more than boy.(7)In the face of negative emotions,the order of use of the six emotional adjustment strategies by left-behind children is: alternative activities> problem solving> passive coping>self-consolation> cognitive reconstruction> venting The order of non-left-behind children is:alternative activities > passive coping > problem solving > self-consolation > venting >cognitive reconstruction.(8)Expression recognition,emotional situation recognition,emotional understanding based on desire and belief,mixed emotional understanding and emotional adjustment understanding are related to emotional adjustment strategies. |
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