The Research Of “老 XX”in Henan,Jiaozuo Dialects

As a common construction in Jiaozuo area,the structure of "老 XX" indicates the deepening of the degree and has the meaning of exaggeration.There are monosyllabic words and disyllabic words that can enter the structure of "老 XX".Although some scholars have mentioned it,they haven’t made comprehensive studies of the "老 XX" structure in Jiaozuo area,and the internal hierarchical relationship of this structure is also controversial.On the basis of field investigation,this paper examines the syntactic and pragmatic features of the "老 XX" structure in Jiaozuo urban area from a synchronic perspective.Adjectives,atypical verbs,verb phrases,nouns and pronouns that can enter the structure of " 老 XX".This structure can be used as predicate,attributive,complement and adverbial in sentences.When it in the question-answer sentences,this construction can be uesd alone.When the degree is deeper and the emotion expressed becomes stronger,the structure of "老 XX" can overlap and form " 老 XX 老 XX" or even " 老 XX 老 XX 老 XX" with strong subjective meaning.Not only do the urban dialects use the "老 XX" structure in high frequency,but also distribute in surrounding rurals and county towns.Through a comprehensive survey,we can get the distribution features of " 老 XX" in Jiaozuo dialect.From the distribution features,we can conclude that the part "X" which can enter the " 老 XX " structure has advantages of the sequence: adjective>verb>verb phrase>noun>pronoun.Based on this advantages of the sequence and the distribution features,we can draw the conclusion that the basic structure "老 X" through pragmatic repetition,forming "老 X 老 X",then "老 X 老 X" falls away from the middle position of "老" and becomes " 老 XX " by contraction.With the high frequency use of this structure,"X" also gradually diffuses.