A Research On The Adherents’ Chapters Novels In The Early Qing Dynasty

In the early Qing Dynasty,the large number of adherents,their numerous books as well as many deeds,and the depth of influence were the highest among the adherents of all the dynasties.Their literary creation is dominated by poetry,but the achievements of novel creation should also not be ignored.In fact,the study of the adherents’ novels of the early Qing Dynasty was started earlier.Novels such as "After the Water Margin","Xiyoubu" and "Continued Jin Ping Mei" were considered to contain adherents’ thought in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.After that time,due to the overall novel research tend to study masterpiece,the academia pay less attention to these adherents’ novels.The existing research is mostly limited to the judgment and discussion of whether the single work has the adherents’ thought.In fact,the overall research on the adherents’ novels is still in its infancy.This article selects the chapters novels of the adherents’ novels in the early Qing Dynasty as a discussion object,and tries to make a comprehensive review and research on the adherents’ chapters novels in the early Qing Dynasty.The first chapter analyzes the concept of "the Adherents’ Chapters Novels in the Early Qing Dynasty".The definition of this concept is: the Ming Dynasty’s adherents created chapters novels in the early Qing Dynasty and these novels reflected their adherents’ emotion,thought and consciousness.The period of the early Qing Dynasty delineated by the paper was forty years from the first year of Shunzhi(A.D.1644)to the twenty-two years of Kangxi(A.D.1683).The adherents are those who have chosen not to to be an official in the new dynasty because of their political stance.They make the active choice at the time of the abolition.The scholars must become "adherents" after the death of the dynasty,and the status of the "adherent" may vary.The judgment of this paper is mainly based on whether the author is a adherent,whether the novel was created after the death of the Ming Dynasty,and whether the novel reflects the obvious consciousness or mentality of the adherents.The author discusses the novels that have been thought by the researchers as containing the adherents’ thoughts or the author is considered to be a certain adherent,some lost novels that have been the subject of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and the novels’ signature is a certain adherent,a total of thirty-one novels were systematically arranged and debated,finally ten novels were defined as the adherents’ chapters novels in the early Qing Dynasty.The second chapter mainly discusses the the background and specific content of the novels of the adherents.Due to the special historical background of the early Qing Dynasty,the scholars had to make different choices,and the group of adherents who adhered to the national integrity were formed.After the Qing Dynasty’s rule was more stable,the relevant cultural policies and the policies of the adherents were adjusted,and the groups of the adherent began to differentiate and dispel.The natural death of the adherents and their descendants chose to be an official eventually led to the complete disintegration of this particular social group.The tears of the home country of these novelists can only be poured into their novels.The author will specifically discuss the their thoughts on the sadness about the demise of the country,national thought,calling for heroes,historical reflection,and future expectations.The novel of the adherents expresses the novelist’s pain of national demise and thinking about the cause of the death.The specific reasons include the party of eunuch disrupt politics,the peasant uprising,the party struggle in the late Ming Dynasty,the eight-legged writings,and the karma.Some novels of the adherents also put forward the ideal assumptions for the future society.The ethnic relationship described in the novels of the adherents was influenced by the literary inscriptions in the early Qing Dynasty.The novels were less direct description of the Qing dynasty,or they used the confrontation between Song and Jin dynasty to allude the war between the Ming and Qing Dynasties,or placed the Qing in a non-emphasis position in historical description.The peasant army or heroes of the greenwood showed the image change.The earlier novels denounced the peasant army,while the late novels praised them.The consistent one was the novelists fully praise their patriotic and loyal.The third chapter mainly discusses the characteristics of the adherents’ novels in the early Qing Dynasty.The novelists have a strong subjective spirit when they are creating.These novels can be mainly classified into literati’s novels and are innovative in the art of fiction.Correspondingly,their creative attitude is relatively clear.They wrote for reasons of the times and use their novels to express their personal feelings.The purpose of creation canbe roughly divided into facing the public’s persuasion,personal expression of anger and recording history.Most of them have historical consciousness when the novelists write novels,the consciousness is recording "contemporary history." Their works basically have a basis,and even some novels have a certain historical value,and the novels are closely related to some historical records.The novels are more cautious because of the times.The authors don’t talk much about the new dynasty,or they use the past to satirize the present.Some novels were even banned.In summary,this article will comprehensively discuss a series of novels created by the adherents in the early Qing Dynasty,although they are not the most popular novels,but they are also an important part of the literature of adherents in the early Qing Dynasty and Chinese classical novels.Even though there is no specific literary organizations or groups,they also do not have consistent literary ideas or creative theories.The author think that there is actually a loose group of novelists composed of adherents in the early Qing Dynasty,their creations are basically scattered and personal.