A Study On The Whetstone In Period Of Xia Dynasty,Shang Dynasty And The Western Zhou Dynasty In Central Plains

Whetstone,also known as grindstone,is a stone tool used for grinding artifacts.Its texture is mainly sandstone,which is widely used in the production and life of the bronze age.In this paper,the whetstone in Period of Xia Dynasty,Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty in Central Plains is taken as the research object to explore the characteristics and development changes of stone in different periods,and to make a comprehensive analysis of the use of stone in production,life,funeral and other activities,and to study the differences in the identity and culture of the people behind it.The paper is divided into five chapters:The first chapter is the introduction.This chapter defines the the scope of time and space,and specific concepts of the research object,on this basis,explains the related research status,and explains the research method and the purpose of this paper.The second chapter is the typological research of the whetstone.According to the grinding condition and plane shape of the body,they are divided into two categories.And each category can be divided into various types.The artifacts can be divided into three periods and five stages according to the combination of the types.The third chapter mainly studies the stone unearthed in the site.Focusing on the capital site,which is the most abundant in unearthed whetstones,this paper analyzes the unearthed whetstones and their coexisting objects,and discusses the use of stones in the production of copper casting,jade processing,bone processing and pottery making in different periods,combined with the planning of each functional area of the site.Many cases of sacrifice remains of the whetstone unearthed indicate that the whetstone was used for sacrifice in Shang Dynasty.The fourth chapter mainly studies the stone unearthed from burials.The burials of the Yin and Western Zhou dynasties were divided into six levels.The situation of the burials of each level,the position of the stones in the tombs and the coexisting artifacts were investigated.The whetstone often cooperate with tools or weapons withburial,and its quantity is positively related to the burial level.The daily life of some civilians is closely related to the whetstone.During the life or funeral process,whetstone will be used for ritual behaviors.The funerary whetstone shows its role in the daily life of the tomb owner,including in handicraft production,the maintenance of copper ritual,weapons and tools,divination and sacrifice.The fifth chapter is the conclusion.