New Changes Of Novel Comments In The Late Qing Dynasty And The Early Republic Of China

At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China(1902—1919),under the call of the revolution in the field of fiction,the novel creation ushered in a brilliant page.In this period,the novel comments accompanying the novel also ushered in a great prosperity.In the past 20 years,the number of novel comments has exceeded the total sum of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It is worth noting that,compared with the previous generation,the novel criticism,which was born in the novel revolution,has undergone great changes in the subject,object,connotation and media of the criticism.The novel criticism has a new quality at the end of its period,and radiates a different luster.Based on the living environment and characteristics of modern novels,this paper takes "new changes" as the foothold to investigate the situation of modern novel comment.The research is divided into four chapters.The first chapter discusses the interactive relationship between the new communication mechanism of newspapers and magazines and the novel comments in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.First of all,this chapter analyzes the interaction between novel comment and newspaper from the comment intention,comment characteristics,comment effect and so on.Secondly,from the perspective of the form of novel comment,this paper regards novel words,novel papers and other new criticism as the evolution of traditional novel comment form under the mechanism of newspaper serialization,and discusses the relationship between the new and old comment form.The second chapter discusses the reviewers.The development of the newspaper industry in the late Qing Dynasty provided a new force for the evaluation of novels in the late Qing Dynasty.In this period,many reviewers had the experience of the newspaper industry.To some extent,the newspaper people became the mainstream of the evaluationof novels.This chapter takes the identity of the commentator as the starting point,first analyzes the identity characteristics of the commentator and their similarities and differences with ordinary literati and booksellers,so as to extract the composite characteristics of both businessmen and literati.Secondly,combined with the trend of "humanization" in this issue,this paper explores the evaluation motivation and evaluation situation of different newspaper groups.At last,we pay attention to the phenomenon of self—evaluation in this period,and explore the tendency of self—evaluation of different reviewers and their characteristics.The third chapter analyzes the comment thought.After the revolution of the novel circle,the position of the novel has risen.The tone of the novel saving the nation makes the interpretation and propaganda of the novel’s position and thought become the main content of the novel comment.This chapter first discusses the interpretation of novel comment on the value of the novel in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China,so as to reflect people’s view of novel utility;secondly,it discusses the change of ideological connotation in novel comment on the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China and the understanding and publicity of western thoughts from the perspective of theme.The fourth chapter discusses the narrative theory in the comments.The late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China are on the eve of the modernization of Chinese novels,which is the gateway of the new and old transformation of the narrative mode of novels.In this important and delicate time,on the one hand,the stable and mature narrative mode of traditional Chinese novels,on the other hand,the new themes and the dazzling narrative mode of translated novels are pouring into the open world.This chapter first introduces the development background and basic situation of the traditional novel narrative theory in the novel comments at the end of Qing Dynasty and thebeginning of the Republic of China,then expounds the comments on the translated novels at the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China,and finally discusses the reflection of the comments on the new narrative factors in the novels under the influence of the translated novels.