| Mo Yan,as a Chinese,was awarded the Nobel Prize of literature for the first time in 2012.Ever since then,his novel Sheng Si Pi Lao is back on top of the best seller list again with many translation editions published,among which,Howard‘s English translation of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out has been well-accepted by the professional scholars and well worth studying.This thesis studies the translation of metaphors of Howard‘s English translation Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out with three dimensions and two schemas from the cognitive perspective.The study of three dimensions is about part of words and phrases,while the study of two schemas is all about the paragraphs and the text.That is to say,this thesis is more comprehensive than other metaphorical studies and more objective to understand the words and sentences from the meaning of the full text.By analyzing the text of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out,we have found that out of 94 cases of metaphors,a total of 57 cases adopt strategy of domestication and 37 cases adopt strategy of foreignization.In terms of the number of examples,the translator chooses strategy of domestication to translate metaphors.We‘ve also found out that Howard‘s strategies and methods of metaphor translation can be analyzed according to the mechanism and embodied philosophy of metaphor.Therefore,we believe that there is a connection between cognition and expression in the application of metaphor which can be demonstrated as follows:In terms of translation strategies,in order to make foreign readers share the same feeling as native readers do and have a more adequate translation,strategy of domestication is employed based on embodied philosophy in the following types of metaphors,structural metaphors such as proverbs,slang and some ontological metaphors of human organs or with particular meanings.However,strategy of foreignization is chosen for the orientational metaphors of culture-loaded words,mood,weather and the emotional metaphors of color.In terms of methods of translation,according to the mechanism of metaphor,it can be concluded that when the two cultures share a common experience and consensus,literal translation is a wise choice to maintain the style and characteristics of the original text.Literal translation is also applied in environmental metaphors to let readers themselves capture the spirit of the original text.If there is no corresponding image or expression in the target language,free translation will be adopted in the ontological metaphors to express the emotional state and the structural metaphors of the two-part allegorical sayings so as to enrich language.The factors that influence Howard‘s metaphor translation are the profound literary knowledge and the publisher‘s commercial profit.With exception of some changes due to cultural conflicts and customs,the translation of metaphors maintains the style of the original text.The change the methods of translation according to the different contexts can make readers of the target language understand the implied meaning and enjoy the beauty of Chinese literary works at the same time by combining the strategies of foreignization with domestication. |
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