| Purpose:Compared with men,women have a greater susceptibility to negative emotions,which is manifested in the early attention stage and late stages of cognitive processing.Many studies show that long-term physical activity can improve well-being,regulate attentional ability and improve cognitive function.In order to figure out the brain mechanism of physical exercise and improve negative emotions and validate the main scientific hypothesis that physical exercise has a regulatory effect on the susceptibility to negative emotions,we recruit two groups of people who have physical exercise habits and no physical exercise habits,analyze and compare two groups from two levels combined behavioral data and EEG data,then do correlation analysis to verify the assumptions:(1)there is a relation between physical exercise and Female negative emotional susceptibility;(2)compared with female students who have no physical exercise habits,female college students who have a long-term physical activity habit have low emotional susceptibility to negative emotions,(3)this study fully demonstrated that physical exercise can adjust female susceptibility to negative emotions and improve negative emotion,then reveals the Neural Mechanism of Health Effects of Physical Exercise.Method:(1)Firstly,two groups of subjects were selected according to whether there was exercise habit or not.There were divided two groups: exercise habit group and no exercise habit group;(2)according to Beck Depression inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory,we exclude subjects with mood disorders;(3)Due to the introversions and extroversions in the personality traits,neuroticism traits affect moods.All participating subjects need to measure the pessimism,neuroticism and sensitivity based on the NEO Big Five personality scale,These two variables should be controlled in the two groups without difference,otherwise they should be counted as covariates;(4)The modified version of double-selected oddball experiment paradigm will be used to examine the participants' sensitivity to negative emotions.Results:Compared with women without exercise habit,women who regularly participate in physical exercise showed shorter reaction time and larger P3 amplitude for moderate negative and neutral stimuli.Specific results are as follows:(1)The2-way(valence × group)ANOVA on RT showed a significant main group effect(F(1,40)= 8.76,p < 0.01,np2 = 0.18),but without main effect of valence(F(2,80)= 1.57,p > 0.05)and interaction effect(F(2,80)= 0.14,p > 0.05);(2)The two-way(valence× group)ANOVA on N2 amplitude showed a significant main effect of valence(F(2,80)= 81.18,p < 0.01,np2 = 0.67),but without main effect of group(F(1,40)= 1.44,p< 0.05,np2 = 0.03)and significant interaction effect of valence × group(F(2,80)=0.54,p < 0.01,np2 = 0.01);(3)The two-way(valence × group)ANOVA on P3 amplitude showed a significant main effect on valence(F(2,80)= 9.11,p < 0.01,np2= 0.186)and edge effect of group(F(1,40)= 3.76,p = 0.06,np2 = 0.086)and significant interaction effect of valence × group(F(2,80)= 4.16,p < 0.05,np2 =0.09);(4)According the correlation analysis,in Exercise group,firstly,there is a significant negative correlation between amplitude of P3 and RT in HN(r =-0.57,p <0.01)and Neu(r =-0.57,p < 0.01);Secondly,there is a significant positive correlation between amplitude of P3 and exercise time in HN(r = 0.68,p < 0.001),MN(r = 0.63,p < 0.01)and Neu(r = 0.67,p < 0.001);Thirdly,there is a significant negative correlation between RT and exercise time in HN(r =-0.76,p < 0.001),MN(r =-0.67,p < 0.01)and Neu(r =-0.71,p < 0.001).In contrast,no significant correlation between N2 amplitudes and behavioral measures was observed.Conclusion:(1)Exercise and non-exercise groups showed similar attention to negative emotions;(2)There is a difference in the cognitive level of negative emotional input;(3)P3 amplitudes evoked by negative emotions were correlated with RTs and exercise time;(4)Long-term physical activity help reduce negative emotional susceptibility in females college students. |
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