Research On Stress Of Academic And Career Development For Female Postgraduate Of Engineering From The Perspective Of Gender

Female postgraduate of engineering are living in the field of ‘masculine disciplines' and are at a critical stage of their lives.They are faced with a variety of stress.The most obvious feeling would come from Academic and career development stress.Everyone has different coping-style with stress,thus gets the different results.In this research,300 female postgraduate of engineering from 16 colleges and departments of H University were selected as the research subjects.Questionnaire surveys and interviews were used to investigate their academic and career development stress and stress coping-style.The main conclusion of the research are as follows:(1)In descending order of the causes of academic and career development stress of research objects are worry about the future,professional development,learning tasks,and interpersonal relationships.Among them,the stress of worrying future and professional development exceeds the stress medium value.There are significant differences among female postgraduate with different grades and different marriage status.Girls with poor achievement and single girls are more stressed.(2)Female postgraduate of engineering tend to adopt positive stress coping styles.There are significant differences in stress coping styles among students of different grades,Different academic achievements and different gender of tutors.The students in the third grade have more positively coping styles than those in the second grade.The students with better academic achievement have more positively coping styles than those with poor academic achievements.Male tutor-directed students have more positively coping styles than female tutor-directed students.(3)Analysis the status from the perspective of gender,it is found that the masculine and gender stereotypes of the field of engineering are the causes of the academic stress of female postgraduate of engineering.The female advantages make them able to positively coping with academic stress.The occupational gender segregation is the cause of the professional development stress of female postgraduate students of engineering.Traditional gender roles make them able to positively coping with the stress of career development.However,judging from the long-term goals of social development,traditional gender awareness will restrict the development of women in the field of engineering.Therefore,we must reduce the influence of traditional gender awareness on the way of thinking and acting for female postgraduate of engineering.(4)In order to reduce the influence of traditional gender awareness on the way of thinking and acting for female postgraduate of engineering,this research summarizes the formation and communication mechanism of traditional gender awareness: media and public opinion,family education style,and school education environment.On this basis,the research proposes solutions from three levels: the social level includes cultivating new social gender awareness,media guidance through gender construction,and the improvement of related policies and laws and regulations;the school level includes professional training and emphasis on gender education,the construction of the engineering education system suitable for women,and the increase of women's participation in educational decision-making.For female postgraduate of engineering,they should strengthen themselves gender awareness.