The Effect Of Tabata Training Protocol On Anaerobic Power In Male Taekwondo Athletes

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether six weeks of Tabata training protocol(8 sets of 20 s exercise at an intensity of about 90%-100%HRmax with a 10 s rest between each set)with roundhouse kicks is effective in taekwondo athletes.According to the subjects' sports level,14 athletes who have national athletes level 2 or above national athletes level 2 qualification certificates and have won the top three places in the competition at or above the provincial level were divided into professional group(PG),and 20 taekwondo athletes who did not won the top three places in the competition at or above the provincial level were divided to amateur photographers group(AG).All subjects in the professional group have more than 5years of taekwondo training experience,while those in the amateur group have 2-3years of taekwondo training experience.Before 6 weeks of training,all taekwondo athletes performed Wingate 30 s test(PP?PP/kg?AP?AP/kg?MP?MP/kg?PD?TTP),and body component test(body weight,fat loss weight,total muscle mass,body fat mass,and body fat percentage).After pretest,the professional group(PG)was divided into the professional experimental group(PEG)and the professional control group(PCG).The amateur group(AG)was divided into the amateur experimental group(AEG)and the amateur control group(ACG).After the grouping,ACG group(n=10,age(yrs): 21.10±0.57,height(cm):176.70±6.63,training experience(yrs): 2.14±0.38)and PCG group(n=7,age(yrs):21.00±1.83,height(cm): 171.00±9.35,training experience(yrs): 7.86±2.85)did not carry out any experimental intervention except for taekwondo training.AEG group and PEG group need to complete the Tabata training protocol three times a week based on taekwondo training.During the training intervention,thetraining intensity was monitored by the Suunto heart rate monitor and RPE.Results :(1)Training intensity monitoring results.There was no significant difference in individual maximum heart rate between AEG group and PEG group(P >0.05).During the training intervention,there was no significant difference between AEG group and PEG group in the peak heart rate during the training intervention(P >0.05).The average heart rate of AEG group was significantly higher than that of PEG group(P < 0.05).The RPE values indicated by AEG group in group 1-4 were significantly higher than those of PEG group(P < 0.05).In group 5-8,there was no significant difference in RPE values between AEG group and PEG group(P >0.05).(2)The body composition test results,the training before the intervention,the weight,total fat,muscle weight,body fat mass and body fat percentage between ACG and AEG group had no significant difference(P > 0.05),weight,total fat,muscle weight,body fat mass and body fat percentage between the PCG group and PEG group had no significant difference(P > 0.05);After the training intervention,the body weight,fat shedding weight and muscle mass of ACG group and AEG group all showed significant increase(P < 0.05),and the body fat mass and body fat percentage of AEG group showed significant decrease(P < 0.05),while the body weight,fat loss weight,and total muscle mass of ACG group and AEG group showed no significant difference(P > 0.05).(3)Wingate30s anaerobic power test.All subjects were assigned to Wingate30 s anaerobic power test before grouping.There were no significant difference in PP,PP/kg,AP,AP/kg and TTP between the AG group and PG group(P >0.05).In addition,MP and MP/kg in PG group were significantly higher than those in AG group(P < 0.05),and PD in AG group was significantly higher than that in PG group(P < 0.05).AG and PG were grouped according to the anaerobic power test results obtained in the pretest.There were no significant differences in PP,PP/kg,AP,AP/kg,MP,MP/kg,PD,TTP between ACG group and AEG group(P > 0.05).Therewere no significant differences in PP,PP/kg,AP,AP/kg,MP,MP/kg,PD,TTP between PCG group and PEG group(P > 0.05).After the training intervention,the AP,AP/kg,MP,MP/kg in the AEG group were significantly increased(P < 0.05),and PD was significantly decreased(P < 0.05)compared with that before the experiment.In ACG group,only MP/kg was significantly increased(P < 0.05)and PD was significantly decreased(P <0.05).There were no significant changes in PP,PP/kg,AP,AP/kg,MP,MP/kg,PD and TTP in PCG group and PEG group(P > 0.05),and no significant differences in MP/kg and PD between ACG group and AEG group(P > 0.05).Conclusions:(1)When taekwondo athletes carry out Tabata training protocol,amateur taekwondo athletes will bear higher heart rate and RPE than professional taekwondo athletes.(2)Compared with professional taekwondo athletes,Tabata training protocol applied to amateur taekwondo athletes can produce better fat reduction effect,while Tabata training protocol only 4 minutes cannot significantly reduce the body fat of professional taekwondo athletes.(4)Compared with professional taekwondo athletes,the 6-week Tabata training protocol can improve the maximum rate of glycosylation synthesis of amateur taekwondo athletes,thus improving the anaerobic power.(5)Compared with the pre-test,the Tabata training protocol of 6 weeks cannot improve the anaerobic power of professional taekwondo athletes.