| With the acceleration of the urbanization process,the city has emerged various problems such as “congestion” and “ghost city” coexistence,unbalanced occupation,space confusion,and assimilation development.creating urban vitality,excavating urban characteristics,and achieving high quality and sustainable development of the city.It is of great significance.The existing urban vitality research pays insufficient attention to the mesoscale scales such as block,lacks consideration of the nature of spatial functions,and less systematically studies the influence mechanism of urban vitality.Block is a basic component of the city,the study of its vitality characteristics is conducive to the local vitality construction and overall vitality improvement,and provides a new direction for planning and practice of new district construction,urban renewal and urban renewal.This paper uses Baidu map heat map,Wuhan POI data,OSM road network data,building vector data,bus and rail transit data,house price data and remote sensing image data and other multi-source data,based on ArcGIS 10.2 and FD-CR model to divide block and recognition function for the main city of Wuhan.On this basis,the vitality intensity model and the vital standard deviation model are used to measure the vitality of the block.Combined with the GIS spatial analysis and the Getis-OrdGi* hotspot index and other methods,from two space scales of all blocks and different functional blocks,and two time scales of working days and rest days and different time periods,the spatial characteristics and functional differences of vitality were analyzed.and the geo-detector and Person correlation analysis methods were further used to explore the overall impact mechanism of the block vitality and the vitality impact mechanism of the functional block.Finally,the block vitality creation and promotion strategy was proposed.The main findings of this paper are as follows:(1)There are 1,240 urban blocks divided and identified in the Third Ring Road of Wuhan,including 423 single-function blocks(34%),694 mixed-function blocks(56%),and 123 unclassified blocks(10%).(2)There is a significant imbalance between the vitality center and the vitality pole spatial distribution of the block scale,and the difference is obvious.The quantity,scale and intensity of vitality and vitality pole of Hankou are far greater than Wuchang and Hanyang.Hanyang has not yet formed a vitality.Among them,Hankou is in the west to Jianda Avenue,east to Yanjiang Avenue,south to Qingnian Road,and the north to Jiefang Park Road blocks form the largest vitality pole of Wuhan's main urban area.In addition,the standard deviation of block vitality is basically positively correlated with the intensity of vitality.(3)The size of the different levels of vitality varies in time dimension.By comparing the area of vitality of all levels on working days and rest days,it is found that the area of high heat,secondary heat and hotter on the rest day is lower than the working day,and the area of the general class is basically unchanged on working days and rest days.The area of the general class on the day of rest is much larger than the working day.And the high-heat vitality area shows a distinct double-peak pattern on the working day,while the change is relatively flat on the rest day;the ordinary workday presents a three-peak mode,and only the double peak appears on the rest day.Because of resident behavior pattern,the rest day have a hysteresis effect in the time series compared with the working day,and the area of the area with high vitality in the working day is longer than the rest day.(4)The vitality of different functional blocks is significantly different in space and time.The high-vitality block with residential functions is mainly located in Hankou,mainly located in Hanzheng Street,Jianghan Road,Stadium Street,Friendship Community and the south side of Wangjiadun East Subway Station,south of Hankou Railway Station and Xinchangjiang International.Wuchang is mainly concentrated in the Simenkou,the Wanda Plaza on the Chuhe Han Street and the Guanggu Capital Building on the south side of the Guanggu Square,it is located in the northwest side of the Zhongjiacun subway station of Hanyang.The high-vitality block with commercial functions is also mainly located in Hankou,mainly located in Hanzheng Street,Jianghan Road,Hongkong Road Overpass,Wansongyuan Community and Hongsong Lane,Wuchang's Chuhe Han Street,Guanggu Pedestrian Street and around the Zhongjiacun subway station of Hanyang.Among the functional blocks that include residence and business,the most dynamic ones are residential commercial blocks and commercial office blocks.The vitality of the functional blocks containing residences is common at certain time nodes,while the vitality of the functional blocks containing commercials,influenced by their mixed functions,each shows a distinct trend in the timeline that is consistent with the function of the block.In addition,The intensity of a single-function block is at a relatively intermediate level compared to all mixed-function blocks that include this feature.(5)The overall impact mechanism of block vitality is: commercial facility density,public service facility density,functional density/development intensity,building density,and cultural facility density are the main influencing factors for the vitality differentiation of blocks.public transport accessibility,vegetation coverage,hydrophilic index,road network density,spatial compactness,fractal dimension,peripheral block function mix,block price,and functional mix are the secondary impact factors that lead to vitality dynamics.Building age diversity index is not obvious for the mechanism of action of vitality differentiation.(6)The vitality impact mechanisms of different functional blocks are different.The two types of block vitality,including residential functions and commercial functions,are most relevant and positively correlated with the density of commercial facilities and the density of public facilities.The vitality of the block containing the residential function is also highly correlated with the functional density of the block.The correlation between the spatial form index,the surrounding block attribute,the block price,the block building age diversity index and other indicators is not obvious.Depended on functional characteristics of the block,The degree of correlation with other indicators is defferent.The correlation between functional blocks containing commercial and other indicators varies with the function of the block,but the correlation between the block form and the surrounding block attributes is not obvious.(7)Based on the difference with the vitality characteristics of the block and the influence mechanism,the strategy of building and optimizing the vitality of the urban block is proposed.Generally speaking,when creating the vitality of urban functional blocks,we should not consider a certain factor condition and a certain functional nature separately.We should comprehensively examine the vital state and time-space characteristics of different spatial locations,and integrate functional positioning and development history of the city.After clarifying the functional nature and vitality characteristics of the block,combined with the characteristics of the vitality changes and the influence mechanism of different functional blocks,the corresponding vitality creation and promotion strategies are adopted to carry out targeted local optimization and overall improvement. |
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