Research On The Professional Technical Structure Of Bicycle For Chinese Elite Triathletes

Sports skills are the main component of sport ability and the basis for athletes to achieve excellent athletic performance.Due to the performance characteristics of closed periodic sports technology and compound sports technology,triathlon sports determine the particularity of technical skills in athlete training and competition.Among the many studies on the improvement and development of athletes' technical skills,most of them focus on the athletes' physical fitness and technical skills,especially on the research of athletes' special technical skills which closely linked to specialization,specificity and individualization.Therefore,this research takes the triathlon athletes' special cycling technology structure as the research object,and uses the literature method,expert interview method,questionnaire survey method,mathematical statistics method,and case analysis method to explore the triathlete cycling technical skills and its special structure,and do analysis on core athletes in Chinese national team,directly serving the practice of high-level athletes in training competitions,reveals the essence of sports training specialization,provides new perspectives and new methods for the research of special sports training theory,and at the same time achieves the purpose of serving high-level athletes in training and practice.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:1.The special cycling technology of triathletes is constructed by the basic technology and the key technology,and presents as a "Pyramid Structure"feature.The general technology is located at the bottom of the Pyramid Structure,the special technology is located at the middle layer,the key technology is located at the top layer,and has systemic,hierarchical and related characteristics.2.The basic technology of triathlete's cycling includes two aspects:general technology and special technology.The general technology includes pedaling technology and car control technology.which is the basis of the application of special technology and key technology.The two have a synergistic relationship with each other.These special technology mainly includes on-board technology,starting technology,on-way technology and off-board technology,and getting off technology show a progressive order among the technologies.3.The key technology of triathlete's cycling is composed of compound technology of special sections such as uphill,downhill and curve.The cycling force of athletes in different sections is different,which leads to the different dominant technologies of cycling technologies in each section,and the choice of cycling technologies is highly relevant to with the difficulty of course setting.Special key technology is the core technology for triathletes to improve the level of cycling competition and achieve excellent sports performance.4.In the Weihai World Cup,Zhong Mengying who is an excellent Chinese triathlete with poor ability to maintain stable cycling technology performance in the whole process of uphill and curve sections,and good ability to maintain stable cycling technology performance in the whole process of downhill sections.And the kinematic characteristics of different sections of riding technologies are different.The uphill section and the curved section are the key difficult sections for triathlete technical skills application,and are the key sections of their riding technical skills training arrangements.