Study On Aging Characteristics Of Foot Type In The Elderly And Establishment Of Foot Type Evaluation Index System

The foot is an important part of the lower extremity exercise system,and plays an important role in weight bearing,cushioning,supporting and maintaining body balance during exercise.The shape of the foot affects the function of the foot.If the foot is in an abnormal shape for a long time,it will change the normal gait pattern,resulting in compensatory damage to the knee,hip,spine,shoulder,and cervical vertebrae.In order to study the risk of falls,it is very important to study the characteristics of the foot shape of the elderly.The current research lacks a representative foot evaluation index system for the elderly and studies on the aging characteristics of the elderly's foot shape and foot posture.In order to simplify the evaluation index of foot shape,this study obtains a representative index that can fully and accurately describe the characteristics of the foot shape of the elderly,and establishes an evaluation index system of the foot shape of the elderly,which provides convenience and science for the construction of the foot shape researcher and shoe last Basis;To explore the aging characteristics of the foot shape and posture of the elderly,to master the changes of the feet of the elderly,to enrich the human morphology database,to provide a powerful training and prevention for the rehabilitation of the elderly foot diseases and the design of the shoe and shoe last The basis of data and science.In this study,the experimental ideas were perfected through the literature method,and the foot data of 1174 elderly people(583 females and 591 males)were collected using a three-dimensional foot scanner through measurement.Through factor analysis,to establish the evaluation index system for the foot shape of elderly women and men,first of all,you need to perform KMO test and Bartlett spherical test on the original data to test whether it is suitable for factor analysis.Secondly,extract the common factors through the principal component analysis of factor analysis.Finally,orthogonal rotation is used to make the factor variables more interpretable,the rotation component matrix is obtained,and the factors with high factor load values are selected.According to the screening results,the foot motion pattern,biomechanicalcharacteristics and the representative significance of the foot type evaluation index are combined And location,group and name the indicators,and establish an index system for the evaluation of the foot shape of the elderly.On the basis of the sample data conforming to the positive distribution and the homogeneity of variance,the independent sample T test is used to determine the age group,which is divided into gender and gender by 60,65,70,75 and 80.Carry out the inspection.Through descriptive statistical analysis,the ageing characteristics of the old female and old male evaluation indicators were analyzed.One-way analysis of variance was used for the analysis of the differences between different age groups of the same index.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)Based on the method of factor analysis,the foot type evaluation index system for elderly women and men was established,which was composed of measured index and derived index,and was divided into 5 groups including foot length index,forefoot index,middle foot index,hindfoot index and ankle index by combining foot movement mode and biomechanical characteristics.(2)The elderly women foot type evaluation index system consists of 15 items,respectivelyIndex of foot length: foot length,arch length,peroneal instep lengthForefoot indicators: bunion Angle,fifth toe Angle,fifth toe height,forefoot width,metatarsal height,paw circumferenceMiddle foot index: arch index,back circumferenceHind foot index: heel AngleAnkle index: medial submalleolus height,lateral submalleolus height,ankle turnover index(3)The elderly men foot type evaluation index system consists of 16 items,respectivelyIndex of foot length: foot length,arch length,peroneal instep lengthForefoot index: bunion Angle,fifth toe Angle,forepaw width,metatarsal height,paw circumferenceMiddle foot index: arch index,middle foot width,middle foot heightHind foot index: heel Angle,LHAnkle index: medial submalleolus height,lateral submalleolus height,ankle turnover index(4)Significant changes in foot shape were observed at 65 in the elderly women and 70 in the elderly men.From this age,bunions,flat feet and foot pronation were obvious in the elderly,and the foot function of the elderly declined.The bunion Angle,the fifth toe Angle,the arch index,the ankle turnover index,and the heel Angle increased,the width of the forefoot,the circumference of the foot,and the arch length increased,the height of the middle foot,the height of the medial malleolus bone decreased,and the height of the lateral malleolus bone increased.The length of the foot,the length of the wallet-worn instep,the height of the fifth toe,the height of the metatarsal circumference,the width of the middle foot,the circumference of the back of the foot,LH all showed a stable trend.(5)Foot posture both the elderly women and men present a pronation posture,while women and men present a severe pronation posture from the age of 75 and 80,respectively.In addition,women are larger than men,and the right foot is larger than the left foot.