Research On Athlete's Competitive Characteristics Of 100-metre Dash Finals In 1st-17th World Championships

Using the literature method,information technology method,and mathematical statistics method,the results of the 130 matches of 75 male athletes and the 130 matches of 64 female athletes in the 100-meter dash finals of the 1st to 17 th World Championships were studied.Analysis of indicators such as performance,reaction time,body shape,sports age,step length(SL),step frequency(SF),etc.,with a view to revealing the competitive characteristics of the world's best 100-meter runners,in order to improve the overall level of sprint in China,understand the competitive laws of the project,and optimize the selection of sprint talents Provide theoretical and practical basis.Research results:1.The trend line of the male/female 100-meter race finals in the 1~17th World Championships is gradually increasing;the average base men's ratio of the previous World Championships 1~8 is significantly lower than that of women(P<0.05);The performance rate of men's champion,top 3 and women's competitors decreases gradually;the play rate of male/female athletes has a significant positive correlation with the results and ranking of the World Championships(P(27)0.01).2.The average reaction time of men in the 100-meter finals of the 1-17 th World Championships was significantly lower than that of women(P<0.05),and the average line of male/female finals showed three stages of "rising-falling-rising again";There was no cross-trend or cross-trend trend between the performance line and the unreacted performance line;the women's starting reaction when using the "right front left rear" squatting method was faster than the "left front right rear"(P<0.05).3.The average height of men's 100-meter runners in the 1-17 th World Championships is 181-183 cm,and the average value of women is 165-170 cm.According to the years when the athletes were born,from 50 s to 90 s,the trend line of the average height of men tended to be level,and that of women increased significantly.The box chart of the Keto index has gradually increased from the 50 s to the 80 s,and has dropped significantly in the 90s;the women have an upward trend from the 50 s to the 90 s.4.The average age of men's 100-meter runners in the 1-17 th World Championships is 18 to 21 years old,the best competitive age is 25 to 26 years old,and the retirement age is 30 to 34 years old.From the 50 s to the 80 s,the age trend line of the preliminary competition gradually decreased,the trend line of the retired age gradually increased,the trend line of the optimal age tended to the level,and the trend line of the competitive years gradually increased.5.Taking height as the control variable,the correlation analysis between the results and the average SL: male-0.236(P<0.01),female-0.059(P>0.05),performance and average SF: male-0.234(P<0.01),female-0.363(P<0.01);According to the different results of the athletes in the final of the 1st-17 th World Championships,five different groups were divided.The trend line of SLindex showed a downward trend for men,a gentle trend for women,and a downward trend for male/female in the trend line of SF index.Different rankings are divided into 8 different groups.The male/female trend line of the SF index trend line is decreasing,and the male/female trend line of the SL index trend line is flat;On this basis,the performance,SL index and SF index of male / female athletes are modeled.Research conclusions:1.The results of men's/women's 100 m running in the 1st-17 th World Championships gradually improved,and the improvement of men's performance was significantly higher than that of women's;the competitive state of the top three men's and women's competitors tended to be stable one by one;the competitive state of the top three men's and women's athletes was more stable.2.The average of men's reaction time in the final of 100 m race in the 1st-17 th World Championships was significantly lower than that of women's.both men's and women's reaction time showed the periodic development characteristics of "rise-fallrise".The two rule changes caused the slow reaction time of athletes;the reaction time of athletes' starting had no effect on the competition ranking;women's athletes used "right front left back" squatting starting reaction Time is faster than "left front right rear".3.The height of women athletes tends to be higher,but there is no obvious change in the height of men.The male sprinters born in the 80 s are relatively strong,and the young athletes after the 1990 s have a low Kotole index.Women athletes tend to be stronger.4.The age of the world's elite men and women 100 m runners tends to decline,the age of retirement is gradually increasing,the lifespan of athletes is prolonging,and there is no obvious change in the best competitive age.5.The better the performance of male athletes is,the larger the SL is and the faster the SF is;the better the performance of female athletes is,the faster the SF is,and there is no obvious change in the SL;the difference between male/female athletes of different ranks mainly comes from the SF ability,and the male and female athletes in front of the rank have stronger SF ability.The model equation of the relationship between the performance of the world's top 100 meter runners and the SL and SF index is: male: performance = 28.497-7.592?SL index-1.125?SF index;female: performance= 30.787-8.168?SF index-1.316?SF index.