Research On The Spatio-temporal Evolution Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Urban And Rural Settlements In The County Based On GIS And RS

With the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization in China,the rapid expansion of cities and the reduction of cultivated land have caused serious threats to the Red Line of Food Security in China.Under the influence of the long-term urban-rural dual land system and the weak factors of rural conservation and intensive land use,the current urban and rural residential areas in China have a large number of spatial layouts,scattered distribution,small scale,and “hollowing” in rural areas.The low efficiency has not only caused the waste of land resources and the uncoordinated structure of urban and rural construction land,but also seriously affected the process of urbanization,industrialization and modernization in rural areas.At the same time,it also hindered the solution of the problems of agriculture,rural areas and farmers,and restricted the new rural areas.The pace of construction.It is of great practical significance to deeply and fully explore the spatial evolution characteristics and influencing factors of urban and rural residential areas in the county to promote the economical and intensive use of land resources in rural areas and to optimize the residential space in the process of urbanization.Therefore,this paper takes Biyang County of Henan Province as a case study of the spatial distribution and evolution of residential areas in the hilly area of the central and western plains,and conducts empirical research on the spatial distribution,evolution and impact factors of residential land,and perfects the hills in the middle and western plains of China.The research theory of the spatial distribution and evolution of residential areas in the region,and the key factors affecting the land use of rural residential areas.In this paper,the remote sensing image screen digitization method is used to extract the plaques of residential sites in Biyang County in 2000,2010 and 2017,as the main plaque vector data of residential areas;the spatial evolution characteristics of residential areas in the county using landscape index analysis method Conduct scale and shape analysis;use nuclear density analysis method to analyze the change of residential density in the county;calculate and visualize the landscape index of each township residential area,and then carry out the four aspects of scale,shape,distribution and density.Analysis of the evolution characteristics of residential areas in towns and villages;selecting the sample and plots based on the distance of elevation,transportation,and the township,and analyzing the landscape index of the sample plots,and then carrying out the micro-level residents from three aspects: scale,shape and density.Analysis of point space evolution characteristics.Using the overlay analysis and buffer analysis method in GIS spatial analysis to explore the distribution and evolution characteristics of residential patches within different distances from traffic roads and established town centers;use digital elevation model to generate elevation and slope raster layers,and combine them.Raster reclassification,grid reversal,and overlay analysis tools to explore the distribution and evolution characteristics of residential patches in different elevations and different slopes;using geographic exploration to explore the impact factors in 2000-2010,2010-2017 The influence of the size of the plaque on the residential area during the time period.The results show that the overall scale of Biyang County residential area increases in two periods,the distribution shape tends to be complex,the average density of the county increases,the aggregation distribution and the degree of aggregation increase;the analysis of the landscape index of each township shows the differentiation between townships and towns.Obviously,the plaques in the residential area of Bishui Street account for a large proportion of the landscape area,and the newly added plaques are endogenous.However,the towns and towns with the average elevation value of Tongshan Township are the opposite,and the distribution of residential areas is sparse.External expansion;sample and plot analysis shows that there are differences in the distribution characteristics of residential patches under different location conditions at the micro level,and there are low-altitude,gentle-slope-like residents who have emerged in the town center and have major traffic roads.Spot patches are large in size and irregular in shape.The buffer analysis of the main traffic roads shows that the closer the distance to the road,the larger the size of the plaque,the larger the number and the higher the fragmentation degree.The buffer analysis of the town center shows that the closer the residents are to the town center The larger the spot size is,the calculation results of the sub-categories of the elevation and slope are shown.The lower the altitude and the smaller the slope,the larger the size of the plaque.The results of geo-detection analysis of the main influencing factors in three years show that the selected factors have an impact on the size of residential patches.The most influential factors in 2000 are roads,slopes,and total households.The most influential factor in 2010 and 2017 is the road factor.