| The genus Styrax of Styracaceae,comprising ca.140 species,is distributed mainly in Asia and tropical America.The taxonomic system proposed by Perkins in 1907 has been used in China,while Fritsch's taxonomic system is mostly used by foreign scholars in the study of genus plants.With the publication of new species in this genus recently and the deepening of research by some scholars,the previous taxonomic system can not meet the needs gradually,and the taxonomic problems of Styrax in China also need to be solved urgently.To this end,the original documents(descriptions),type specimens,field samples and a large number of specimens from the world's major herbariums of the Styrax in China are taken as the research materials,and quantitative taxonomic methods were used to revise the Styrax in China.The main conclusions are as follows:Refer to Fritsch's taxonomic system.There are only Ser.Cyrta(deciduous leaves)and Ser.Benzoin(evergreen)in China.Some of the characters selected in this revision(such as corolla lobes texture and inflorescence)are based on Fritsch and Huang Shumei(flora of China),and some of them are based on the identification of a large number of specimens,such as the leaf blade at the base of the branch and the length of the petiole,some of the characters(if beaked)may be controversial in the taxonomic of the whole genus,but may be more advantageous in identifying some species.The results of Q cluster analysis support the classification of S.hemsleyanus and S.huanus,S.japonicus and S.grandiflorus.However,there may be some doubts about the taxonomic treatment of S.hookeri,and further molecular identification is needed.At the distance of 15 Euclidean,the original 31 species of Styrax can be divided into five categories: the first category is S.perkinsiae,S.roseus,S.rugosus,S.limprichtii,S.confusus,S.faberi,S.wilsonii,S.macrocarpus,S.zhejiangensis,S.formosanus,S.wuyuanensis,S.supaii;the second category is S.calvescens,S.dasyanthus,S.tonkinensis;the third is S.hemsleyanus,S.huanus,S.obassia;the fourth category is S.chrysocarpus,S.macranthus,S.grandiflorus,S.japonicus,S.odoratissimus,S.rhytidocarpus,S.agrestis,S.serrulatus;The fifth category is S.hainanensis,S.suberifolius,S.benzoides,S.chinensis,S.argentifolius.The results of Q cluster reflect the relations among these characters.At the distance of 20 Euclidean,22 related characters could be divided into three categories.The first category reflects the characters of the flower mass and the leaves at the base of the branch;the second class reflects the correlation between the plant habit and the petiole;The third category explains the possible reasons of different ways of cracking the fruit,and the shape of the inflorescence may be related to the size of the flower.Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of these characters was on the low side,which may be related to the primordial genus and the variability of traits during evolution.which may be related to the primordial genus and the variability of characters during evolution.The main contents of the revision include taxonomic name processing,designation of Lectotype and supplement description and taxonomic revision.In this revision,there are 27 species of Styrax in China,73 anonymous records;6 varieties(S.japonicus var.calycothrix merged into S.japonicus according to the treatment of Huang Yelin),6 corresponding anonymous records;4 invalid varieties(S.agrestis var.curostratus,S.rulatus var.latifolius,S.serlatus var.rugosus and S.serlatus var.mollissimus have been upgraded to species,not distributed in China)and 2 suspected species(S.bashanensis,S.casearifolius),a total of at least 118 records of Styrax names in China.This revision follows the previous classification of S.grandiflorus and S.huanus.The classification of S.zhejiangensis is still recommended as a separate group,and the distribution of S.benzoides in China is doubtful.Through characters analysis and comparison of specimens,S.argentifolius can be considered to be incorporated into S.suberifolius,and S.wuyuanensis can be considered to be incorporated into S.formosanus.Due to the lack of specimens and the absence of field investigation of these species,this revision still defaults to a separate taxonomic group.The related synonym of S.formosanus and S.odoratissimus has been revised.S.henryi can be incorporated into S.formosanus as a synonym,and there are some problems in the treatment of S.formosanus var.hayataianus in flora;S.finlaysonianus differs greatly from S.odoratissimus,and S.finlaysonianus should not be incorporated as a synonym into S.odoratissimus.The synonym of S.agrestis,S.obassia,S.serrulatus and other plants was supplemented;while the related treatment of S.bashanensis and S.casearifolius remained doubtful,of which S.bashanensis should be closer to S.odoratissimus,rather than S.hookeri;and S.casearifolius may be closer to S.tonkinensis.The Lectotype was revised for S.agrestis,S.benzoides,S.confusus var.microphyllus,S.henryi,S.japonicus var.calycothrix,S.grandiflorus,S.rugosus,S.serrulatus,S.suberifolius.Among them,the revision of the Lectotype of S.grandiflorus and S.rugosus is supplemented on the Taxonomic of Hwang Yelin.In addition to the revision of some characters descriptions(such as S.rugosus),this article also revised the description of S.japonicus,S.roseus and the distribution of S.odoratissimus in Huang Yelin;there is a distribution of S.japonicus in Taiwan,not just S.formosanus;the model of S.roseus should be Wushan,not Washan;S.benzoides has only one specimen in China,there may be no such distribution in China,however,due to the scarcity of specimens and the lack of relevant field visits,this revision still defaults to the distribution of this species in China.In addition,this revision did not find the specimen of S.hainanensis collected by later generations.At present,this species may be endangered,and some descriptions of the plant records are questionable(such as flower descriptions),and this revision has also been corrected. |
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