Preparation Of Functionalized Micro-nano Carbon Materials And Their Applications In Electroanalytical Chemistry

Carbon-based materials are widely used in electrocatalysis and electroanalysis fields due to the unique characteristics of low cost,wide potential window,chemical inertness,and excellent electrocatalytic activity.In recent years,electrochemical sensing technology based on micro-and nano-scale carbon materials has attracted worldwide attention on the basis of their advantages of high sensitivity,high selectivity,simple operation,lower cost,quick response and on site detection.This work focuses on the functionalization for several cheap and readily available carbon material such as carbon paper（CP）and carbon nanotube（CNT）.These prepared carbon materials were systematically characterized and analyzed,and then the electrochemical sensor with high sensitivity and stability was further constructed based on the modified carbon materials.The main results are as follows:（1）Simultaneous electrochemical detection of trace Cd²⁺and Pb²⁺based on ordered porous carbon paper/Bi film electrode.The ordered porous carbon paper was obtained by treating the CP with laser technology.Every micro-hole of the ordered porous carbon paper was surrounded by multi-layered graphite sheets,which lead to the material having a large surface area and great conductivity.Then a novel carbon paper/Bi film electrode was prepared by in-situ electrodepositing Bi film on the porous carbon paper.The novel carbon paper/Bi film electrode was used to quantitatively detect Cd²⁺and Pb²⁺in the aqueous phase by anodic stripping voltammetry method.It exhibits high sensitivity,good stability,anti-interference ability and reproducibility.（2）A novel carbon paper-gold nanoparticle（AuNPs）composite electrode for electrochemical detection of NADH.The AuNPs were deposited on the CP using a simple electrochemical deposition method to prepare the CP-AuNPs composite material.The morphology and electrochemical characterization of the CP-AuNPs composites were elaboratively investigated.The composites were used for electrochemical detecting of NADH,and exhibited high sensitivity,wide detection range and good stability.（3）Nickel oxide/carbon nanotube（NiO/CNT）nanocomposites prepared by atomic layer deposition for electrochemical sensing of hydroquinone and catechol.NiO nanoparticles were grown on the CNT surface by atomic layer deposition technology to form NiO/CNT nanocomposites,and then the composites were applied to the electrochemical determination of catechol and hydroquinone.Compared with glassy carbon electrode（GCE）and CNT/GCE,NiO/CNT/GCE exhibited higher electrocatalytic activity toward hydroquinone and catechol.The modified electrode exhibits wide linear range,low detection limit,high stability and good anti-interference ability,and it can be used for the analysis of actual water sample.