Research On Beneficiation Technology Of Houqingbang Copper-lead Polymetallic Ore

As an important non-ferrous metal mineral resource,copper and lead are widely used in various industries and are essential metal elements for China's economic development.The separation of copper-lead polymetallic sulfide ore has always been one of the important subjects in the realm of mineral separation.Such ore is usually densely symbiotic,with fine disseminated grain size,and galena and chalcopyrite have the similar floatability,so it is hard to separate.In addition,with the continuous development and utilization of existing mineral resources,the rich minerals available for direct use in China are less and less,and the existing mineral resources are also facing the characteristics of poverty,fineness and miscellaneous.Therefore,studying the efficient separation of copper-lead sulfide ore is very important.In this paper,the Yunxian copper-lead polymetallic sulfide ore is taken as the research object.Through the research of process mineralogy,developed a reasonable process flow,and conditional test for each flotation operation to determine the best technical parameters.Finally,studied the enhancement of KMn O₄ on the inhibition of CMC to galena on the basis of the single mineral testThe process mineralogical research shows that the ore has copper grade of 0.36%and lead grade of 2.38%.The main ore minerals are chalcopyrite,galena,sphalerite,and the main gangue minerals are calcite,quartz,potassium feldspar,etc,followed by chlorite,fluorite,etc.In the mode of occurrence,copper is mainly present in chalcopyrite in the form of independent minerals,and very few are present in the tetrahedrite,digenite and malachite in the form of independent minerals;lead is mainly present in galena in the form of independent minerals.The real mineral flotation test results show that whether it is preferential flotation or mixed flotation,the copper and lead in the rough concentrate are relatively high,but compared with the preferential flotation,the mixed flotation is more effective to separate copper and lead.Finally decided to choose the mixed flotation and re-separation process and optimized the process parameters of the process to obtain the best process parameters of each flotation:The grinding fineness in the mixed flotation was-0.074mm accounted for 80.85%,the amount of modifier sodium silicate was 1000 g/t,the amount of collector Z-200 was 30 g/t;the amount of combined inhibitors CMC+KMn O₄ for copper-lead separation flotation was 300+300g/t.On this basis,the open-circuit flotation test was used to determine the appropriate number of cleaning and scavenging.Finally,by using the closed-circuit flotation of"one roughing-two cleaning-two scavenging for mixed flotation,one roughing-three cleaning-one scavenging for copper-lead separation flotation"can obtain the copper concentrate with copper grade of 20.17%,copper recovery rate of 82.26%,lead grade of 6.78%and lead concentrate with lead grade of 59.22%,lead recovery rate of81.25%,copper grade of 1.51%.At the same time,after analyzing the silver content of copper concentrate and lead concentrate,it was found that the grade of silver in copper concentrate reached 440.40 g/t,the grade of silver in lead concentrate was128.46 g/t,and the total recovery was 73.06%.The results of single mineral test show that the floatability of galena is still very good when CMC was only added to the pulp.However,CMC had not a significant effect on depressing galena.The floatability of galena decreased sharply when the galena treated with KMn O₄and then CMC was added into the pulp.Moreover,galena would be depressed significantly when the value of p H was above 9.Xanthate salt would adsorb on the surface of galena without depressant,and the adsorption amount reached a maximum value at p H 9.The adsorption amount of xanthate salt decreased after CMC was added into the pulp.The surface of the galena was oxidized when KMn O₄ was added into the pulp,and the adsorption amount of CMC is increased while xanthate salt decreased sharply.The results of EDS analysis showed that after galena was treated with KMn O₄ and CMC,the oxidation sites appeared on the surface of galena,and the proportion of C and O atom numbers increased sharply on the oxidation sites.It was found by observation of SEM image that after galena was treated with KMn O₄,the oxidization of its surface only occurred on the oxidation sites of the galena surface instead of on the whole surface.