The Effect Of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation On The Activation Level Of Microglia In The Hippocampus Of Mice

Transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)is a non-invasive biological stimulation technique that is widely used in basic research and clinical treatment.The magnetic field generated by current through stimulus target across the skull to induce an electrical current in the brain,affecting the brain's electrical signals,metabolic activity and cognitive function.Unlike traditional electrical stimulation,different modes of TMS have specific effects on brain activity.Previous studies have shown that TMS has a good therapeutic effect on various neurodegenerative diseases,and neuroimmune cells may play an important role in this process.Investigating the activation level of microglia after TMS stimulation helps to understand the relationship between TMS stimulation and changes in brain function.To explore the effect of TMS stimulation on activation of microglial cells,we applied 4 different patterns of magnetic stimulation to the head of the mice,and then observed changes in the number of microglial cells in the hippocampus at five different time points after the stimulation.The results show that TMS can increase the number of microglia in the hippocampus.We further observed the source of microglial cells after TMS.We verify whether microglia self-proliferation or peripheral immune cells enter the central nervous system by verifying the blood brain barrier(BBB)integrity.The results showed that the BBB was not destroyed by TMS stimulation with different modes,proving that the number of microglia changes from self-propagation.Summarizing the results of the two studies,we can come to the following conclusions:Transcranial magnetic stimulation can activate microglia proliferation in the central nervous system without altering the integrity of the BBB.Therefore,it is known that transcranial magnetic stimulation is an in vitro,non-invasive physical therapy that can act on microglia in addition to affecting the metabolic activity of neurons.This allows us to understand the role of TMS in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases,addiction,and depression and other psychological diseases.It also offers a guiding role in clinical applications.