Research On Shanghai Unemployed Workers (1945-1949)

After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,the National Government resumed the management of the entire territory of Shanghai and received the Shanghai anti-counterfeiting industry.As a result,a large number of unemployed workers in the Japanese-Puppet industry factory,unemployed workers returning to Shanghai,unemployed workers returning home,unemployed workers returning home,and unemployed workers during the original war of resistance have gathered a complex situation in Shanghai.According to statistics at the time,industrial workers lost more than 120,000 people at the end of 1945.Although they have eased,they are still serious.According to statistics,in January 1947,the number of unemployed workers reached 150,000.In October of the same year,it reached 300,000.As workers lose their jobs,their livelihoods are difficult,and there are serious difficulties in clothing,food,housing and health care.The reason for the large-scale workers’ unemployment is that they are deeply affected by the political and economic environment at that time,in addition to the general unemployment causes such as diseases and seasons.On the political front,its main players are two large-scale wars.Due to the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,Shanghai’s industrial and commercial enterprises could not support the operation of the factory regardless of equipment or raw materials and fuel.At the same time,due to the chaotic reception process of the National Government,the receiving personnel squandered wealth,resulting in large-scale unemployed workers after the war.Due to the civil war,the problem of unemployed workers with slight relief is even more serious.Due to the influence of the civil war,the Shanghai factory was once again unable to produce a large amount of raw materials and fuel,and its products lost large-scale sales market.Eventually a large number of factories were shut down or laid off,resulting in a large number of unemployed workers.As far as the economy is concerned,due to the rapid inflation after the war,industrial raw materials and fuels are more expensive,and the cost of workers has increased,but sales have shrunk.At the same time,in order to obtain US support,the National Government has entered the Chinese market with a large number of US-made zero-tariff tariffs,which has brought great impact on Shanghai’s industry and commerce.Some factories were bankrupted due to the impact of US goods,workers were disbanded,and they were unemployed.Large-scale unemployed workers have had a greater impact on the political,social,and economic aspects of Shanghai after the war.On the political front,due to the CCP’s leadership and launch of unemployed workers,a large number of unemployed workers not only attempted to occupy and liberate Shanghai before the National Government received it.Later,due to the policy changes of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,a large number of members of the Communist Party of China organized and led unemployed workers and demanded a return to work or demonstrations.In this process,not only the basal strength of the CCP is strengthened,but also the credibility of the National Government is weakened.As far as the society is concerned,a large number of unemployed workers have led to frequent workforces,increased labor disputes,deepened labor and economic conflicts,increased crimes and increased suicides.As far as the economy is concerned,a large number of unemployed workers are at a time when labor disputes and labor disputes are contradictory,which is harmful to the economic order.At the same time,due to the large number of workers losing their jobs,the market consumption power is weakened.In response to the above problems,the National Government tried to solve or alleviate the problem of unemployed workers in Shanghai by issuing relief funds,relief food,work-for-work,small-scale industrial and commercial loans,handling cooperative factories,government placement,and repatriation.Poor results.In addition to government relief,social relief mainly includes fellow organizations,trade unions,and workers,charitable organizations,and their own factories.Individual responses are mainly carried out by means of street vendors,dock workers or rickshaw drivers,and barely get jobs to make a living.Or survive by means of borrowing,quality,defamation,scavenging,etc.Unemployed workers illegally obtain living materials through theft,robbery,fraud,etc.,under extremely difficult livelihoods.