A Study Of Zhang Rong And His Poetry In The Southern Song Dynasty

Zhang Zi(1153—1212?),who was also known as Gong Fu,and once named Shi Ke.His literary name is Yue Zhai Ju Shi,that means he was a layman Buddhist.He was a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty.His works are quite rich,Mr.Tang Guizhang compiled "all Song Ci" collected 86 pieces of Zhang’s Ci.This paper makes a study in five aspects,such as Zhang’s family background,elegant gatherings in Nanhu Lake,creative mentality,characteristics and comparative analysis of Zhang Zi’s Ci,in order to have a more comprehensive grasp and supplement to the study in Zhang Zi and his works.The first chapter mainly analyzes Zhang Jun,who established the Zhang family in Lin’an City—the temporary capital of the Southern Song Dynasty.Through profile analysis on his political vision and personality to find out the Zhang family tradition and common temperament,and how they had effects on Zhang Zi and other members of the his family.On the one hand,Zhang Jun served Gao Zong,the emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty,to keep the peace of the country;on the other hand,he ignored the country’s best interests and used wars for his own benefit.Influenced by the traditional concept of valuing literature over war exploits,Zhang Jun laid a solid material and cultural foundation for his family to transform into a culture family.All most the members of Zhang family have formed the common cultural temperament and the garden residence elegant taste under the double nourishment.In the second chapter,the main members and literary gatherings in Southern Lake are investigated,and the "incident of deposing Han Tuo Zhou " is explained in detail.Zhang’s travels were largely confined to Hangjiahu Plain,where most of his friends were literati and officialdom in the south of the Yangtze.Because of the reason of geographical position,the bureaucrat and scholar occupied a large proportion in the literary gatherings in southern lake so it was closely related to the politics of the Southern Song Dynasty.Zhang,though a self-proclaimed hermit,ultimately failed to avoid political purges.The third chapter mainly explains the creative mentality and multiple personalities of Zhang Zi.Through his works to analyze his garden-building thoughts.He turned his life into literature,and his literary creation was mainly based on his daily life,both of which are exterior and interior.Influenced by the family and theprevailing atmosphere of the Times,Zhang Zi concentrated on five different personality forms and pursuits: Bureaucrat,scholar,hermit and Taoist.And that ultimately led to his different characters in the political history and literature history.The Fourth Chapter analyzes the main features of Zhang Zi’s poems.The aesthetic purport of his poems combines the simple taste of the common people and the refined taste of the noble literati,creating a unique flavor of the Southern Song Dynasty.The theme of his works is mainly about the life of Garden House and the singing of friends,and the style is clear and plain through the elegant and rich language.Readers could fell the works are full of the joy of life.In the pay-offs with the officials who persisted in wars,the style of poems was generous and restorative,but the number of such lyrics was small.In the fifth chapter,compared with Jiang Kui’s Ci,I tried to make a deeper analysis of Zhang’s Ci in the aspects of style,structure,main content and lyric style.Zhang was good at chanting things,and his Ci were mainly composed of short lyric.Although he has musical talent,he devoted himself to writing poems and his literary ideas were very traditional.In the creation of ci-poetry,the style of Zhang Zi’s Ci mainly followed the predecessors,his structures were simple,the moods of his ci were peaceful and light,the techniques of his expression were mainly straightforward,the images were finely depicted,and the rhetoric techniques such as simple metaphor and personification were supplemented.Zhang Zi’s expression of emotion was natural,but the contents were inevitably weak.