An Empirical Study On The Impact Of The Urban-rural Social Security Gap On Human Capital Investment

The 40 th anniversary of reform and opening up,China's economy is developing at a rapid pace,and China has now become the world's second largest economy.However,an analysis of China's economic development status reveals that there are many problems in the traditional factor-driven economic development,resources are decreasing,the environment is gradually deteriorating,domestic production capacity is difficult to meet the transformation of consumer demand,resulting in a growing consumer outflow phenomenon.The industrial structure needs to be upgraded to meet the growing material needs of consumers.Practice has proved that the traditional “extensive” growth model is difficult to maintain economic sustainable development.Along with the reduction of the working population and the increase of the elderly population,China has become one of the countries with a deep aging population in the world,and the pace of economic development has slowed down.In the decade from 2007 to 2017,the population of 15-64 years old accounted for a maximum of 74.5% of the total population in 2010,and fell to 72.5% year-on-year in the six years from 2010-2016,and in 2012.For the first time,there has been a decline in the absolute number of people since 1978.China's demographic dividend is coming to an end,and the situation of high savings,high investment and high growth is difficult to maintain.This requires us to move from a factor-driven economy to an innovation-driven economy.It is recognized that China has abundant human resources and is in the forefront of the world in terms of quantity,but the quality of human resources is far less than that of developed countries.Therefore,the current research is more mature to explore the relationship between social security,human capital and economic growth.However,there are still typical urban-rural dual structural characteristics in China's current economic development.As far as the urban and rural social security system is concerned,the current social security system in urban areas is relatively sound and can be divided into two systems: urban workers and urban residents.The social security system covering urban workers includes urban employee pension insurance,urban employee medical insurance,unemployment insurance,work injury insurance,maternity insurance,etc.The social security system covering urban residents includes urban residents' social pension insurance and medical insurance.Rural areas are mainly based on family security,and social security projects are still not perfect.Therefore,how to improve the quality of human capital from all aspects,in order to effectively play the role of human capital in the economic development,we need to conduct in-depth research and discussion.On May 20,2016,the state promulgated the programmatic document “National Innovation Driven Development Strategy Outline” to promote innovation work,which emphasized the importance of human capital investment.In this context,the innovation of this paper focuses on the impact of urban and rural social security gap on human capital investment from the perspective of urban and rural areas,combined with the reality of China's urban-rural dual structure,in the construction of urban and rural social security gap on the theoretical model of human capital investment.On the basis of using the panel data of 30 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government)in China from 2010 to 2015,empirically analyze how the urban-rural social security gap affects human capital investment,and establish panel data from three perspectives: national,eastern and central and western.The model was empirically analyzed.The results show that there are significant differences in the regression results between the national and eastern and central and western regions.(1)The urban-rural social security gap has exceeded the assembly to curb human capital investment.(2)The gap between urban and rural social security has a significant negative impact on human capital investment.From the comparison of the country,the eastern region and the central and western regions,the coefficient of the central and western regions is the largest.(3)In the central and western regions of China,the financial expenditure of education has the greatest impact on human capital investment in the central and western regions of China.From this,the corresponding policy inspirations are obtained: improve the rural social security system,adjust the fiscal expenditure structure,balance the financial investment in urban and rural areas,and increase the social security system construction and financial capital support for the central and western regions.Effectively provide intellectual support for raising the level of human capital and contribute to the coordinated development of the regional economy.