An evaluation of human health risks associated with the consumption of PCB-contaminated fish from the tidal freshwater James River, Virginia

On-site interviews were conducted along the James River to obtain fish consumption data for a human health risk assessment to determine whether PCB-contaminated fish pose a significant health risk to recreational fishermen. Overall, fishermen who consume James River sport-caught fish (JRSCF) had higher annual fish consumption rates compared to those who consumed non-sport caught fish. Caucasians fished less often and consumed less fish and smaller portion sizes compared to other races. Point estimates and Monte Carlo analysis were used to calculate potential risks, and Monte Carlo analysis consistently produced lower risk estimates than other methods. Predicted risks exceeded acceptable levels for several individuals and the mean cancer and noncancer risks among catfish consumers exceeded acceptable levels. There may be significant risk to recreational fishermen as a result of consuming PCB-contaminated catfish based on reported consumption patterns and environmental concentrations; however, risks associated with consuming other species were within acceptable limits.