Construction And Analysis Of Ecological Security Patterns In The Three Gorges Reservoir Area Of Hubei Province

With the continuous deterioration of the ecological environment,the issue of ecological security is gradually attracting people's attention.At the same time,the state's attention to ecological security has been increasing.In the 13 th Five-Year Plan,it is proposed to promote the protection and restoration of natural ecosystems and build a strong ecological security barrier.The Three Gorges Reservoir area has a special ecological status and is an important ecological protection area in China.However,the ecological environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area is relatively fragile due to the impact of water conservancy construction.Aiming at the ecological security problems faced by the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,this paper comprehensively evaluates the ecological security from three perspectives of ecosystem services,ecological landscape pattern and ecological sensitivity in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Hubei Province.On this basis,the ecological security pattern of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Hubei Province is constructed.This paper draws the following conclusions:(1)Comprehensive evaluation of ecological security.Ecological safety is analyzed from three different perspectives: ecosystem services,ecological landscape pattern and ecological sensitivity.Based on this,the comprehensive evaluation of ecological security is carried out.1 In terms of ecosystem services,the amount of ecosystem services in the study area is relatively high.The total amount an average amount of soil conservation services in Badong County is the highest.The average service volume of water conservation in Zigui County is the largest,and the average amount of organic matter production services in Xingshan District is the highest.The total amount of carbon dioxide fixed in Badong County and Yiling District is the highest.2 In terms of ecological landscape pattern,the landscape fragmentation degree in Badong County is relatively high,and the plaque shape is complex.The spread of Yiling District and Zigui County is relatively low.The woodland landscape of Xingshan County is the largest in comparison with other areas.Xingshan County is defined as an agroecological zone,Yiling District is a town-building ecological zone,and Zigui County and Badong County are forest resource conservation ecological zones.3 In terms of ecological sensitivity,the Three Gorges reservoir area in Hubei Province is mainly sensitive and extremely sensitive,with an area ratio of approximately 42.79% and 38.68%,respectively.The extremely sensitive areas are mainly distributed in the eastern part of Badong County,the central part of Zigui County and the western part of Yiling District.The light-sensitive areas are mainly distributed in the southern part of Yiling District and the northern part of Xingshan County.The comprehensive index of ecological security is 0.812-0.978,and the overall ecological security level of the Three Gorges reservoir area in Hubei Province is relatively high.Xingshan County in the northern part of Kubei District has the highest average ecological safety index,and Yiling District and Zigui County are relatively low.Yiling District has the highest level of development and construction,and the ecological environment is interfered by strong human activities.The economy of Xingshan County is relatively backward,but the ecological landscape is well protected.The overall ecological security trend is decreasing from northwest to southeast.(2)Construction of ecological security pattern.In 2017,the eco logical source area of the study area accounted for 34.12% of the total area and was evenly distributed throughout the study area.There are 32 ecological corridors in the study area with a total length of 946.8km;there are 17 ecological nodes,including 9 first-level ecological nodes,6 secondary ecological nodes and 2 tertiary ecological nodes.The spatial pattern of ecological security in the study area is relatively reasonable,and the overall level of ecological security is relatively high.Finally,the paper puts forward suggestions for optimizing the ecological security pattern.We should enhance the water conservation and soil conservation capacity of Yiling District,increase the green area and build corresponding public facilities on the basis of existing ecological sources.Zigui County has relatively high water conservation capacity and strong ecosystem service capacity.Therefore,it should focus on regional protection with relatively high ecological contribution,so as to make it play a better role in maintaining ecological security.Badong County and Xingshan County have abundant natural resources.Tourism can be used as a fulcrum to develop the economy of the whole county and try to develop industries aimed at improving the level of ecological security at key ecological nodes so as to avoid damage to the ecological environment.