Research On Angle And Distance Measurement Technology Based On Quantum Measurement Principle

In recent years,quantum technology has become a hot research field in academic and engineering applications.How to apply quantum technology to engineering practice has become a common research topic in academia.With the rapid development of Aerospace Science and technology,high-precision navigation and reliable satellite attitude determination system have attracted more and more attention all over the world.In this paper,two quantum measurement methods,quantum entanglement measurement and angle deflection weak value amplification,are used to verify the experimental principle.The main work and research contents are divided into the following two parts:Quantum precise ranging technology makes use of the non classical characteristics of entanglement and superposition of quantum states,breaks through the classical limit of traditional measurement technology from the basic principle level,improves the measurement accuracy and sensitivity,and has high potential application value.Although quantum ranging has many advantages,it is difficult to design and build the experimental system because of the decoherence of entangled photons and the need of hardware and software.Therefore,a small-scale entanglement source experiment system is built in this paper,which is simple and stable.At the same time,the feasibility of time-dependent quantum ranging is verified,and some macroscopic performances of the system are tested.The experimental results of ground quantum coincidence measurement show that quantum ranging has better anti-interference ability than traditional laser ranging.At the same time,it is found that under the same conditions,the longer the cumulative time of measurement is,the greater the coincidence value of time correlation is,but the signal-to-noise ratio is not linearly increased.Generally,we can choose the appropriate cumulative time according to the actual environment to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.Finally,we can choose the appropriate cumulative time to improve the signal-to-noise ratio It is verified that the delay time generated by the delayer can be used to replace the distance of different lengths of optical fiber,the spatial distance information can be inferred by using the time coincidence property,which is convenient for the quantum ranging experiment system to a certain extent.Weak value measurement is one of the most important quantum measurement methods in the world recently.Compared with other measurement methods,weak value measurement technology can get a lot of information in the case of detecting a small number of photons,and at the same time,it can not completely rely on non classical quantum states.In this paper,aiming at the practical problem of limited precision of traditional satellite attitude measurement,the method of quantum weak value measurement is proposed to measure the small deflection angle of satellite,the basic principle and method of weak value measurement are given,a weak value amplification system of deflection angle based on Sagnac interference is built,and PDH frequency stabilization technology is used to improve the beam quality.The experimental results show that the scheme is compact and simple,and meets the requirements of real-time detection.It can measure the stage angle deflection.Under the same deflection angle of piezoelectric steering mirror,the weak value amplification technology is more sensitive than the traditional laser measurement scheme,and achieves 26.98 times of horizontal translation amplification.At the same time,the weak value amplification technology makes the system maintain a high detection performance,at the same time,relax the requirements of the detector of the measurement system,which is suitable for the use of low-resolution,small dynamic range detector for high-precision detection.At last,we give another new measurement scheme of weak amplification deflection angle,which can directly measure the deflection angle of the incident beam.For satellite attitude measurement,compared with the previous measurement scheme of weak amplification deflection angle,the interferometer in the new scheme can be placed on the ground base station or the satellite as a whole without two parts,so the new scheme is more suitable for satellite attitude measurement.