Spatial-Temporal Variation Characteristics Of Precipitation And Evaporation And Influential Factors Of Water Resources Evolution In Shandong Province

For the past years,the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has restricted the rapid development of Shandong Province.The analysis of spatio-temporal variation of precipitation and evaporation is conducive to understanding the characteristics of climate change in Shandong Province,for which are important in the water cycle.At the same time,the study of the changing characteristics and influential factors of water resources is helpful to learn the water situation,which is significant to the security of water resources.Based on the current research methods,this paper mainly carries out the following research aspects:1.Analyze the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation in Shandong Province from 1956 to 2016.By using the methods of moving average,M-K test,precipitation concentration degree methods,the annual and interannual variation characteristics of precipitation in Shandong province were studied,at the same time,the spatial distribution were analyzed by Kriging interpolation method.2.Analyze the spatio-temporal distribution of evaporation in Shandong Province.Moving average and M-K test methods were used to analyze the interannual variation characteristics of evaporation in Shandong Province.The annual distribution of monthly evaporation and flood season evaporation were studied,at the same time,the spatial distribution characteristics are analyzed by Kriging interpolation method.The relationship between precipitation and evaporation in Shandong Province was studied.The correlation between precipitation and evaporation in different seasons is analyzed by drawing the precipitation and evaporation scatter plots of different stations in different times and carrying out linear fitting.3.Analyze the change characteristics of total water resources and surface water resources in Shandong Province from 1956 to 2016.Trend test was carried out by moving average and M-K test,mutation test was carried out by M-K test,ordered clustering and rank sum test,and period analysis was carried out by Fourier analysis and wavelet analysis.4.Analyze the impact of climate change(including precipitation and evaporation)and human activity change on water resources in Shandong Province.The influence degree of precipitation on water resources was analyzed from three dimensions of precipitation,precipitation concentration degree and precipitation intensity.The influence degree of evaporation and drought index on water resource quantity was analyzed.Based on the analysis of water withdrawals and water consumption in Shandong Province from 2000 to 2016,the changes of the social water cycle process dominated by artificial water withdrawals are obtained,and the degree of interference of human activities on water resources is calculated.