Activity Rhythm Of Moschus Berezovskii In Hunan Hupingshan National Nature Reserve By Infrared Camera Technology

Forest musk deer(Moschus berezovskii)is an endemic species and a first-class national protected animal in China.Through understand the activity patterns and behavior time budget of this species and analyze its threatening factors,so as to put forward more effective protection measures.From November 19,2016 to February 10,2021,a total of 140 infrared cameras were set in Hunan Hupingshan National Nature Reserve(HHNNR)to monitor forest musk deer populations.The activity intension index was used to analyze the activity rhythm and behavior time budget of forest musk deer.The main results are as follows:(1)The daily activity rhythm of Forest musk deer in Hupingshan shows the significant peak value of activity intensity in the period around sunset(18:00?20:00).The annual activity rhythm of forest musk deer from March to October is significantly lower than that from November to February of the following year,and the peak period is in November.There is no significant difference in the daily activity rhythm among the four seasons,and the order from high to low is summer,winter,spring and autumn.(2)There is no significant difference in the daily activity rhythm and annual activity rhythm between male and female individuals.However,there is an obvious peak of activity intensity in male forest musk deer in November,and no obvious peak in female forest musk deer.In addition,analyzing the activity rhythm difference index a of male and female individuals,the uniformity of the annual activity rhythm and daily activity rhythm of male forest musk deer is lower than that of female forest musk deer.(3)The forest musk deer tends to be nocturnal only in the spring when the daylight hours are short,but during daylight hours The longer summers tend to be diurnal,indicating that there is no obvious difference in the activity intensity of the forest musk deer from day to night,and it is not a typical nocturnal animal or diurnal animal.(4)The CCP observed 11 behaviors of forest musk deer and established a behavioral spectrum of forest musk deer.Among them,foraging,walking,running,alert,sniffing,resting,and other 7 behavior types that accounted for a large amount of time were analyzed.Among them,foraging behavior accounted for the largest proportion,reaching 36.34%,followed by walking,with a proportion of 25.99%.Among the four main behaviors that account for a large proportion,there is a strong correlation between foraging behavior and sniffing behavior.(5)There is little difference in the annual behavior time budget of male and female individuals of forest musk deer,and there is no significant difference in the annual behavior time budget of the four main behaviors;the foraging behavior and movement behavior of the male and female individuals of forest musk deer exist in the time distribution of each season Significant difference,there is no significant difference in the time allocation of each season in sniffing behavior and alert behavior..(6)The littering period of forest musk deer is concentrated from late May to mid-June,and the nursery time is 3 to 4 months;the estrus period is concentrated from mid-November to mid-December,but in spring from February 23 to March 18 Female chasing is still recorded.(7)The main threats to forest musk deer in Hupingshan are manifested in two aspects:habitat destruction or loss and poaching still exists.