Research On The Effect Of Environmental Regulations On Empolyment

With the rapid development of the world economy,the economic development of various countries has become closer and closer,and the trend of economic globalization has become faster and faster.Our economy has also achieved rapid growth under the trend of economic globalization,but at the same time,it has brought a large number of environmental pollution problems,which has damaged our living environment and brought many livelihood problems,among which the ecological environment and the employment of labor force are the more important livelihood problems.The strengthening of environmental regulation can indeed play a role in protecting the ecological environment,but it will also affect the production cost and normal operation of enterprises,which is not conducive to the stable development of the economy and employment.Ensuring full employment is an important cornerstone for China to build a moderately prosperous society and an important goal for the government to carry out macro-control.Therefore,in the context of large-scale implementation of environmental regulations,it is of great practical importance to clarify the effects of environmental regulations on employment and how to ensure both environmental protection and steady employment growth,and the study of the relationship between environmental regulations and employment can also help improve environmental quality and increase employment levels.This paper first analyzes the mechanism of environmental regulations on employment in general,and then discusses in detail the effects of environmental regulations on employment within,between,and in general from the perspective of the spatial effects of environmental regulations,and proposes three related hypotheses.Based on this,a nonlinear panel model and a spatial econometric model are constructed to empirically examine and analyze the effect of environmental regulations on employment using provincial panel data of 30 provinces and municipalities(except Tibet)in China's mainland from 2009 to 2018.The results show that at the national level,the relationship between environmental regulation and employment has a positive "U" shape and is on the right side of the inflection point within the study sample;at the sub-regional level,the relationship between environmental regulation and employment in the eastern region has a positive "U"shape and is At the sub-regional level,the relationship between environmental regulation and employment in the eastern region is positive U-shaped and to the right of the inflection point in the study sample,while the relationship between environmental regulation and employment in the central and western regions is inverted U-shaped and to the left of the inflection point in the study sample.This shows that the whole country and the eastern region can ensure the stable growth of environmental protection and employment,that is,they can achieve the win-win situation of environmental protection and employment,while the central and western regions can hardly ensure the stable growth of environmental protection and employment in a short time,that is,it is difficult to achieve the win-win situation of environmental protection and employment in a short time.Under the spatial effect of environmental regulation,environmental regulation has a facilitating effect on employment;then the spatial effect of environmental regulation is decomposed into direct effect,indirect effect and total effect,corresponding to intra-regional,inter-regional and overall regional effect respectively;the results show that intra-regional environmental regulation has a suppressive effect on employment;inter-regional environmental regulation has a facilitating effect on employment;overall regional environmental regulation forms a combined effect on employment in space The results show that intra-regional environmental regulations have a suppressive effect on employment;inter-regional environmental regulations have a promotional effect on employment;and overall regional environmental regulations have a spatially combined effect on employment.