Ecological Footprint Assessment And Sustainable Development Of Water Resources In Jiangsu Province

In the 21st century,resources are playing an increasingly important role in development.How to evaluate and realize the sustainable use of resources is a must-answer question for regional socio-economic development.As an important natural environmental resource,water resources have naturally become one of the primary goals of the region.Jiangsu Province has a developed economy and a large population.As an important part of the Yangtze River Delta region,water resources occupy an important position in its development strategy.Water resources have promoted the rapid economic development of Jiangsu Province,but at the same time,problems such as unbalanced water supply and demand,pollution and waste,and irrational water structure have become increasingly prominent,which in turn restricts the social and economic development of Jiangsu Province to a large extent.Based on the ecological footprint theory and model,this paper calculates the ecological footprint of water resources,ecological carrying capacity,and ecological footprint of water quality in Jiangsu Province from 2009 to 2018.On this basis,it calculates the ecological footprint of water resources,water use efficiency,and ecological footprint of 10,000 yuan GDP.Stress index and sustainable utilization index;using Arc GIS 10.7 software to analyze the per capita ecological footprint of water resources,ecological carrying capacity,ecological surplus/loss,ecological footprint of water resources of 10,000 yuan of GDP,and water sustainability index of each city in Jiangsu Province from 2015 to 2018 Spatial analysis;use the three-dimensional water resources ecological footprint model,Tapio decoupling index model,and LMDI index decomposition model to analyze the degree of water overload,the coordination relationship between water resources utilization and economic development,and related factors affecting the growth of water resources ecological footprint;here On the basis of discovering the problems of sustainable development and utilization of water resources in Jiangsu Province,corresponding countermeasures are put forward for specific problems.Research analysis shows:(1)From 2009 to 2018,the ecological footprint of water resources in Jiangsu Province showed a downward trend.In 2018,it was 15.56% lower than in 2011.Production water accounts accounted for the largest proportion,followed by domestic water accounts,and ecological water accounts accounted for the smallest proportion,with a multi-year average ratio of 83.50:6.02:1.00,and the water use structure was unreasonable.The change in the ecological carrying capacity of water resources is greatly affected by the precipitation of the year,and the correlation coefficient is 0.8858.The ecological profit and loss of water resources are all in deficit during the study period,and the utilization of water resources is unsustainable.After the water quality ecological footprint,COD emissions and ammonia nitrogen emissions reached their highest values in 2011,they have been declining for 7consecutive years,indicating that Jiangsu Province has achieved outstanding results in protecting water resources,but the water pollution situation is still severe.The ecological footprint of water resources per 10,000 yuan of GDP has been on a downward trend for 10 consecutive years.In 2018,it was 64.78% lower than that in 2009,and the efficiency of water use was significantly improved.The water resource pressure index first decreased and then increased.Except in 2015 and 2016,the ecological pressure was greater than 2,which was extremely unsafe and the ecological pressure was very severe.(2)From 2015 to 2018,there are significant differences in the spatial distribution of the ecological footprint of water resources per capita among cities in Jiangsu Province.The per capita ecological footprint of water resources in Suzhou has been the highest in the province for four consecutive years,and the ecological footprint of per capita water resources in Xuzhou has the lowest value in the province during the study years.The inter-annual changes of other cities are not significant.From a regional perspective,the per capita ecological footprint of water resources in northern Jiangsu is lower than that in northern and central Jiangsu.There is a strong correlation between the inter-annual change of the per capita ecological carrying capacity of water resources in each city and the amount of precipitation.Except for Xuzhou City in 2018 and Huai'an City in 2015,the maximum per capita ecological carrying capacity of water resources in other cities in the province all appeared in 2016,when the precipitation was the highest.There is a big difference in space between cities.The per capita ecological carrying capacity of water resources in Changzhou is the highest in the province,and Lianyungang is the lowest in the province.From a regional perspective,the per capita ecological carrying capacity of water resources in each city in southern Jiangsu is the highest in the province,followed by central Jiangsu and the lowest in northern Jiangsu.Except for Nanjing,Zhenjiang,Changzhou,Wuxi,Nantong and Taizhou in 2016,and Nantong and Changzhou in 2015,all cities were in deficit.There are significant differences in the spatial distribution of the cities.The per capita ecological deficit of water resources in Suzhou is the most serious,and the ecological conditions of Nantong and Changzhou are relatively good,reaching a water ecological surplus in 2015 and 2016.It is worth noting that the per capita ecological deficit of water resources in each city became more serious in 2017 and 2018.From a regional perspective,the ecological deficit in southern Jiangsu is the best except for Suzhou,and the deficit in northern Jiangsu is the most serious.The ecological footprint of each city's GDP per 10,000 yuan of water resources has been declining year by year,and water resource utilization efficiency has been continuously improved.There are significant spatial differences among cities.Nanjing,Wuxi and Changzhou have the lowest per capita GDP per 10,000 yuan of water resources,and the highest water use efficiency.Huai'an,Suqian,Lianyungang and Yancheng have the highest ecological footprint of GDP per 10,000 yuan of water resources per capita,and the lowest water use efficiency.From a regional perspective,southern Jiangsu has the highest water efficiency,followed by central Jiangsu,and northern Jiangsu has the lowest water efficiency.(3)During the study year,the capital of water resources stock in Jiangsu Province was seriously greater than the occupancy level of water flow capital represented by the breadth of water footprint,and the demand was much greater than the supply,which was in an imbalanced state of water resources,and in 2017 and 2018 There is a gradual deterioration in the year.The stock of water resources in Jiangsu Province has been seriously overloaded,and the problem of water resources has become a hidden danger to promote economic development.During the research period,the utilization of water resources and economic development in Jiangsu Province are generally in a weak decoupling state,and the degree of coordination between economic development and water resources utilization is relatively weak.In the study years,6 years were weak decoupling and 4 years were strong decoupling.The overall situation was weak decoupling,and the coordination between economic development and water resources utilization was weak.The decoupling index between water resources and economic development from 2014 to 2016 was a strong decoupling state,and it fell to a weak decoupling state from 2017 to 2018.It should be necessary to find new economic growth points,improve water resources utilization efficiency,and achieve a strong decoupling state as soon as possible.Among the water resources ecological footprint decomposition effects,the technical effect has the highest average contribution rate,which is a negative value,which has a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of the water resources ecological footprint;the economic effect average contribution rate is the second,which is a positive value,which plays a stronger role.Promoting role: Both the population effect and the structural effect are positive,but the average contribution is not high,and the promotion of the growth of the ecological footprint of water resources is not obvious.(4)From the perspective of sustainable development,the sustainable utilization of water resources in Jiangsu Province is in a poor state.Except for 2015 and 2016,which were in a weakly unsustainable state,all other years were in a moderately unsustainable state,with 2013 being the worst and 2016 being the best.Most of the cities' water resource sustainability indexes are in an unsustainable state,with large differences in spatial distribution.The sustainable use of water resources in Changzhou is the best,while the sustainable use of water resources in Lianyungang and Suzhou is poor.Big.From a regional point of view,the sustainable utilization of water resources in southern Jiangsu is the highest,followed by central Jiangsu,and northern Jiangsu is the lowest.Water resources in Jiangsu Province mainly have problems such as increasing contradiction between water supply and demand,serious pollution of water resources,and irrational water use structure.It is necessary to improve water supply capacity,improve water use efficiency,and promote the rational allocation and strengthening of water resources through various methods.Measures such as the treatment of water pollution promote the sustainable development and utilization of water resources in Jiangsu Province.