Design And Implementation Of Wireless Transmission Node For Meteorological Data Acquisition

Since ancient times,the weather is closely related to people's life.With the rapid development of science and technology,the emergence of automatic weather stations has greatly helped people's data collection work and enhanced people's perception of the weather.However,at present,the automatic weather stations mostly use RS-485 or CAN to transmit data,and there is very little research on wireless transmission mode.In this paper,the wireless transmission function of meteorological data and remote online upgrade function of equipment will be realized by combining wireless communication module and cloud technology.Based on the embedded technology,this paper designs a set of meteorological data acquisition and transmission system using wireless communication technology and MEMS sensor.In the hardware part,STM32F407 chip is taken as the core,while the interface circuit,clock circuit and memory circuit are designed to support the system.The wind speed and wind direction sensor,temperature and humidity sensor,air pressure sensor and camera module are used to collect corresponding meteorological factors.The 4G module is used to realize a large number of data wireless transmission.And additional interfaces are reserved for future equipment function upgrade.Besides,the software part is the support and expansion of the hardware.In this paper,the software design includes the program of sensor driver,data transmission format,multithreaded data receiving program of cloud terminal,IAP remote upgrade program and so on.Among them,the driver is implemented based on various protocols,such as IIC protocol,SCCB protocol,AT command set,etc.,the data transmission format imitates Modbus protocol,adding node number,time information,CRC verification,etc.,the multithreaded data receiver is programmed by calling socket interface and pthead library on the cloud platform,and the remote upgrade function is completed based on IAP technology and wireless transmission.Finally,the whole system is tested,the accuracy of image upload is up to 80%,and IAP remote upgrade can be realized through upgrade instruction,while the upgrade time is not more than 5 minutes.In general,the results meet the design requirements.Compared with the traditional meteorological stations,which are expensive,difficult to lay,and unable to deal with all kinds of climate flexibly,the meteorological data acquisition and transmission system developed in this project has the advantages of small volume,convenient installation,low cost,simple upgrade,etc.,which is more suitable for remote areas with variable climate.