Research On The Method Of Marine Seismic Surface-Related Multiple Elimination

In the seismic exploration of offshore oil and gas resources,the suppression of surface multiples is the key point to test the exploration effect.The existence of strong reflection interface between air and sea water is easy to generate free surface multiples with stronger energy,and the influence of these multiples on primary waves is more intense in shallow sea exploration.The shallow depth of sea water will lead to complex multiples mixed with primary waves.If multiples suppression is ignored in the data processing process,it will not only change the properties of effective waves,such as frequency,amplitude,etc.,but also lead to large error or wrong imaging results.Therefore,the attenuation of surface multiples is an essential step in Marine seismic data processing.Among all kinds of multiples suppression methods,feedback loop theory has become an important method of multiples suppression because it is only driven by data.Surface of multiple wave suppression method(SRME,Surface-Related Multiple Elimination),belong to the theory of feedback loops in a more classic category.Based on the principle of prediction subtraction,this method can predict surface multiples in the feedback loop,and then use iterative matching subtraction to suppress multiples in complex media.It has been widely used in industrial practice.This paper firstly studies the principle of suppressing free surface multiples by SRME method,and realizes the prediction of surface-related multiples through programming.In terms of adaptive suppression method,study of four kinds of adaptive matched filtering method,choose the pseudo multichannel algorithm as the best choice,and the parameters involved in the pseudo multichannel matching algorithm are discussed.Secondly,as a completely data-driven method,SRME requires high data integrity.The collected data must contain all the complete data information including zero offset.This means that the actual field data not only cannot meet the application requirements of SRME method,but also is accompanied by the lack of near offset data,which seriously affects the effect of SRME method to predict multiple waves.Therefore,the reconstruction of seismic trace must be considered before the SRME method is adopted to suppress surface multiples.In this paper,the parabolic Radon transform method is adopted,and the model test is added.Finally,the theoretical model data and the actual data of a certain sea area are used to calculate the developed matching suppression program,and a good effect is obtained.