Research On Laser Cutting Technology For Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer(CFRP)is an excellent new material with the characteristics of low density,high strength,strong toughness,light weight,corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance.It is widely used in aerospace,sophisticated equipment,military industry and other industrial fields and civilian markets.Carbon fiber-reinforced resin-based composite materials generally face secondary processing after being molded.The traditional mechanical cutting processing methods have many defects such as excessive tool wear,material structure damage,and difficult size control.Considering that laser,as a non-contact processing method,can well avoid the defects caused by tool cutting CFRP,the application of laser to the processing of composite materials has industrial application value and practical significance.This paper will study the processing of carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites by infrared millisecond laser cutting.The specific research contents are as follows:According to the principle of laser cutting,the removal mechanism of infrared laser cutting CFRP material is analyzed.Infrared laser cutting mainly relies on thermal effect to vaporize and remove the material.Through experiments,the measurement positions of the width of the heat-affected zone and the cutting depth of one scan are determined;the heat-affected zone will be greatly increased when the laser cannot cut through the material in one scan;the heat obtained when cutting CFRP sheets of different thicknesses with the same laser processing parameters,the width of the affected zone is basically the same.In order to study the effect of different laser parameters on the thermal damage of the material when cutting CFRP,ANSYS software was used to carry out a finite element simulation analysis of the laser cutting of the composite material.Two materials with different properties were used for geometric modeling,and the laser processing transmission was established.Thermal mathematical model,using Gaussian moving surface heat source to load the material surface during simulation,and select different single pulse energy,pulse width,pulse frequency,and cutting rate for simulation analysis.A single-factor experiment of cutting Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer with a wavelength of 1064 nm infrared laser was used to study the influence of various factors on the heat-affected zone and cutting depth when cutting CFRP with different laser processing parameters.The single pulse energy,shorter pulse width,and higher cutting rate are beneficial to reduce the width of the heat-affected zone;selecting high frequency,high single pulse energy,and low cutting rate will increase the cutting depth.On the basis of single factor experiment,the appropriate parameter range is selected,and the Box-Behnken Design(BBD)experimental method is used for response surface analysis.Based on the experimental data,the width of the heat-affected zone of infrared laser cutting CFRP and the mathematical model of the cutting depth are established using Design-Export software,and optimize the parameters through the mathematical model.For CFRP sheets with a cutting depth of 3.5mm and 4mm in one laser scan,the parameter combination was optimized to obtain the minimum heat-affected zone,and the experimental verification was carried out according to the recommended parameters of the software calculation model.