GIS Based The Sino-nepal Traffic Corridor Environmental Geological Disasters Information System And Its Application

Located in the zone where the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate collide and connect,the Sino-Nepal Traffic Corridor,with precipitous topography and complex geological conditions,lacks of in-depth investigation and understanding,especially the practical construction experience.The Sino-Nepal Railway crossing the Himalayas leads to frequent geological disasters,with great difference of elevation of extra-high mountains,strong active faults,strong earthquake-prone terrain,developing glaciers,and various climates.In order to store and manage the data of Sino-Nepal traffic corridors efficiently and conveniently,research on regionalization of debris flows,extraction and application of layered landforms are carried out,based on development of the Sino-Nepal Traffic Corridor Environmental Geological Disasters Information System through GIS technology.The specific content is as follows:(1)Environmental geological disasters including collapses landslide,debris flows,glaciers,and glacial lakes in the Sino-Nepal traffic corridors is investigated systematically by using multi-temporal aerial satellite image interpretation and field surveys.The paper and electronic data of Sino-Nepal Traffic Corridor is transformed into data in a unified format through Arc GIS software.The Sino-Nepal Traffic Corridor Environmental Geological Disasters Information System is developed by GIS technology(Arc Engine)and C#language so that information about environment,geology,and disaster can be stored,retrieved and represented by image.(2)Given that debris flows along the Sino-Nepal Railway are densely distributed with various types,the basic data of Environmental Geological Disasters Information System and disaster data of debris flows are employed.On the basis of similar natural conditions in the same area and obvious differences in the characteristics of debris flows in different areas,regionalization of debris flows is proposed firstly according to the formation conditions of the debris flows,including climate,rainfall,topography and lithology,and considering the glacier coverage in the corridor.Then,the rationality of regionalization of debris flows along the Sino-Nepal Railway is proved by analyzing the characteristics of debris flows in each regional unit.Finally,suggestions on railway route selection of each regional unit are put forward.(3)A series of layered landforms are formed during the formation and uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,which are represented by river terraces,ancient lake basins,and glacial troughs,moraine platforms,valley shoulders and ice buckets shaped by glaciers.Therefore,the extraction method of layered landforms of high-cold,complex and dangerous mountainous areas is proposed on account of the basic data of Environmental Geological Disasters Information System and GIS technology.The railway availability of various layered landforms is analyzed from the aspects of hazard status and overall distribution characteristics.The Gyirong Plan and the Zhangmu Plan of the Sino-Nepal Railway are taken as examples to explore the evaluation methods of the layered landforms of the railway corridor.