Correlation Analysis Between Sunspot Activity And Sea Surface Temperature

Solar activity is that the sun is the nearest star to the earth,and the number of sunspots is an important parameter to reflect the intensity of solar activity.The 10-year to 100 year time scale change of solar activity is the external driving force of the earth's climate change,which has a certain modulation effect on the earth's surface temperature.The change of solar activity plays an important role in the long-term evolution of earth's climate change.The most concerned issue in the past century is global climate change.Based on the data of international sunspot number and several global ocean surface temperatures,this paper studies the distribution characteristics of temperature time series of Atlantic stations based on global wavelet spectrum(GWS),and analyzes the activity cycle and daily distribution characteristics of sunspots,The periodic responses of the two methods are compared by Cross Wavelet Transform(XWT)and cross spectrum method.Finally,the correlation between sunspot number and ocean temperature value is further analyzed by sliding window correlation(SWC)and time lag cross correlation(TLCC).Based on the reanalysis data of sunspot number and sea surface temperature from year 1910 to 2020,the periodic response and correlation between solar activity and sea surface temperature are as follows:(1)The annual average temperature of Atlantic sea level has increased significantly since the 1950 s,with a temperature increase of more than 1 ?.Through Morlet wavelet analysis,it is found that the sunspot number and the ocean temperature in the Atlantic region have two significant periods of 5-14 a and 8-11 a in the time series of year 1910-1950 and year 1970-2020,respectively.The results of ocean temperature power spectrum analysis in the Atlantic region show that the station has three obvious periodic peaks,which are close to the sunspot activity cycle.(2)According to the statistics of sunspot activity index from year 1910 to 2020,it is found that the average cycle length is 10.6 years.The sea surface temperature reanalysis data of the four selected stations are analyzed by wavelet cross analysis.It is found that the cross result between Hawaiian and Atlantic and sunspot number is an important resonance period of 8-10 years,and this period is global.The cross results of sunspot numbers in global and northern regions are similar,and resonance periods only appear in the two time series of year 1880-1940 and year 1950-2020.(3)Based on SWC,it is found that there is a significant correlation between sealevel temperature and sunspot number at four stations in multiple time series.The results of TLCC analysis show that there is a lag between the periodic signal of ocean temperature and the solar activity cycle.This paper analyzes the long-term correlation between solar activity and sea-level temperature time series on the Centennial scale,obtains the periodic response characteristics of solar activity in the process of earth's climate change,and briefly introduces the formation and evolution of sunspots.By analyzing the correlation between sunspot number and ocean climate change,this study provides a certain reference basis for studying the mechanism between earth's climate change and solar activity,and provides help for predicting climate change,which is of great significance for further studies of the sun in ocean climate change.