Design And Implementation Of UAV Detection And Location System Based On Acoustic Array

In recent years,with the rapid development of hardware technology,more and more drones are used in various fields.The misuse of drones poses a threat to public safety.At present,there is a lack of effective control over drones,and "black flying" incidents occur frequently in various places.At this stage,common UAV detection methods include radar,video,and sound detection.Sound detection realizes the detection and positioning of UAVs by capturing the sound signals emitted by UAVs during flight.This method has its unique advantages in target detection and positioning,and can effectively detect UAVs and detect UAVs Research is important.By collecting sound signals of surrounding environment with microphone array,it can acquire the sound information and its space information,and the detection and positioning of the UAV can be realized by using this information.The main work of this thesis to design a set of UAV detection and positioning system based on microphone array,detect whether there is a UAV by collecting sound signals,and locate the actual position of the UAV.This paper first studies the problem of drone sound detection,uses MFCC,GFCC and its first-order feature parameters for feature extraction of sound signals,and uses LSTM network as a detection model to identify the extracted feature parameters and determine whether it contains drones.sound.Through simulation experiments,compared with the traditional SVM method,it is proved that the LSTM network with mixed feature parameters has a better effect on the detection of UAVs.In terms of microphone array optimization,this thesis first studies the performance parameters of the microphone array,and compares the performance of various arrays such as circular array,single helix,and multi-arm helix.Then,the 3d B bandwidth and the maximum sidelobe level are selected as the optimization parameters,and the genetic algorithm is used to further optimize the array element spacing of the multi-arm spoke array,which has a narrower 3d B bandwidth under the condition of maintaining the maximum sidelobe level.The optimized array has the advantages of better performance,detachability and portability.After that,this thesis design the software and hardware part of the system,which based on the optimized multi-arm spoke array.Use MEMS digital microphone to make a multi-arm spoke array;use AC7020 as the main control module of the acquisition board to realize the sampling of multi-channel microphone signals;transmit the collected audio data to the host computer through the TCP network,design the host computer software,analyze the audio signal and Realize the detection and positioning of UAVs.Finally,this thesis tests the microphone array and acquisition system,and tests the UAV detection and positioning system designed in this thesis in the actual environment.