Investigation On The Diversity And Distribution Of Amycolatopsis In Special Habitats Of Yunnan

Actinomycetes are microorganisms of great research value,from which many antibiotics,enzymes and enzyme inhibitors have been developed.Although more than60% of antibiotics are produced by actinomycetes,most of them are secondary metabolites of Streptomyces.The golden age of actinomycetes resource mining and application was from the 1950 s to the 1970 s.After that,the difficulty of extracting valuable active products from common actinomycetes gradually increased due to the enhanced drug resistance mechanism of bacteria to antibiotics.Therefore,the development and mining of valuable actinomycetes resources is imminent.Therefore,the mining of actinomycetes resources at home and abroad moved away from actinomycetes resources in common environment and began to search for actinomycetes resources with functional genes in extreme environment.In the study of actinomycetes resources at home and abroad,Amycolatopsis is undoubtedly a very rare and valuable actinomycetes resources.The genus Amycolatopsis is a kind of non-motor,aerobic and non-acid-resistant gram-positive filamentous actinomycetes.The secondary products of many strains of this genus have unique biological activity,and most of them are important antibiotics with strong antibacterial ability,including barymycin,vancomycin and rifamycin.Because most of the genus was found after the20 th century,belongs to a more valuable rare actinomyceces,yunnan is also a rich ecological diversity,for the abundance of the species and distribution laws and new drug research and development is important scientific research.To sum up,the following points are discussed in this study:(1)In this study,114 environmental samples from 6 different habitats in Yunnan were screened with specific primers,and 44 positive samples were finally identified;(2)Bioinformational data of 44 positive samples were analyzed based on Illumina high-throughput sequencing,and then the microbial composition and differences among different habitats were analyzed.Then the samples from each habitat were compared and analyzed to explore the abundance and diversity of the target strains.The proportion of target species in each sample was compared,and the potential of exploiting the resources of the genus Amycolatopsis in each habitat was evaluated;(3)Taking Xueshan sample as an example,the selective culture scheme of this genus was discussed.Gause No.1 culture medium,T3 culture medium,SM3 culture medium,SM2 culture medium and starch Casien Agar culture medium were selected as screening media.And through the study of its screening conditions to explore the selective culture conditions of the single species,to establish the pure culture conditions of the strain;Experimental results show that:(1)in the plateau snowy mountains,dry river valley,forest of plateau,plateau lakes,tropical rainforests and the study of high temperature hydrothermal habitats showed that high temperature hot springs is not suitable for Amycolatopsis of the genus growth,and the species in the forest and forest habitat of the species diversity and abundance are higher than other habitat,the forest the bacteria of the genus accounted for over 80%,For sequencing results analysis show that the proposed without branches acid bacteria genera in the vegetation coverage rate is higher in the forest and forest habitat,species abundance and diversity,compared with other habitat in yunnan region are relatively high,therefore,this study suggests that the strain in yunnan starring in high vegetation coverage of forest,forest habitat,At the same time,the abundance and diversity of the genus were high in the rhizosphere soil samples;(2)Amycolatopsis genera in the lakes,forests,rain forests,snow-capped mountains and dry river valley area all have distribution,the forest,forest habitat in the abundance and diversity are higher than other habitat,lake samples purpose lowest compared with other strains of species abundance,and plant rhizosphere soil samples of the diversity and abundance of species are relatively high;(3)By selective isolation and culture of the strains of Amycolatopsis,it was found that they could be isolated on the isolation plate of SM3 medium and T3 medium,or could be obtained by using rifamycin and vancomycin as screening conditions,and the soil samples of Amycolatopsis were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of plants.Physiologically biochemical experiments were performed on the screened strains and found that the growth range was roughly 10-30 ?,p H between 5.5-8.0 and salt concentration between 0%-5%.In conclusion,the study found for the first time that the genus of mycofree acid bacteria grows in the root soil and initially established a screening method for this single species.So far,pure culture is still a difficult problem in the unique growth environment of the genus,providing a theoretical basis for the subsequent establishment of the screening method.