| Fats and oils are important sources of daily dietary energy for the human body.The dietary guidelines on Chinese residents recommend that the daily intake of bulk edible oils should be less than 25 g.A survey showed that Chinese residents had excessive energy intake and obesity was on the rise,which increased the risk of diabetes,cardiovascular disease and other obesity-related metabolic diseases.Diglyceride(DAG)is a kind of structural lipids,or reconstructed lipids,which can achieve some special nutritional effects by recombining or changing the properties of ordinary lipids after changing the structure.DAG has a special structure,which is different from triglycerides in digestion and metabolism in the body,and has a positive effect on obesity and other metabolism-related diseases.In this study,1,3-DAG raw material was used to study its digestion in vitro and its effect on reducing fat in obese mice,and the microcapsules of 1,3-DAG were prepared in order to provide scientific support for the application in food.(1)Using 1,3-dicapric acid glyceride,1,3-dipalmitate glyceride,1,3-distearic acid diglyceride,1,3-dioleic acid glyceride,four different fatty acid chain length of 1,3-DAG as raw material,with whey protein isolate(WPI)and sodium caseinate as compound emulsifier emulsion,simulation of digestion and hydrolysis rate in different environment,respectively was the mouth to the stomach and small intestine.Studies have found that within 15-30 minutes after adding pancrelipase,the digestion and hydrolysis of oil is the fastest,and then the hydrolysis rate tends to be gentle.The hydrolysis rate was 1,3-dicaprin glyceride >1,3-Dipalmitate glyceride>1,3-dioleic acid diglyceride>1,3-distearic acid.The final hydrolysis rate of the four oils was 36%-46%,1,3-2 decanoic acid glyceride hydrolysis was the highest,also found that,1,3-dicaprin glyceride hydrolysis digestion after particle size was the minimum of the lowest rates for1,3-distearic acid,this is possible because of stearic acid of high melting point,emulsification is difficult,and pancreatic lipase with poor efficiency.(2)With 1,3-diglyceride and triglyceride with the same fatty acid spectrum as control,obesity mice(ob/ob mice)were treated with dietary intervention for 12 weeks to evaluate its efficacy.After the intervention,the analysis of various indicators of mice showed that1,3-DAG had a significant improvement effect on blood lipid and glucose metabolic diseases.According to the analysis of the body weight and diet amount of mice,the diet amount of1,3-DAG was significantly higher than that of the blend oil group when there was no significant difference in body weight,indicating that 1,3-DAG was rarely converted into fat accumulation in the body,but produced heat for energy supply and provided heat for the body.The analysis of the blood-glucose related indexes in mice showed that the blood glucose of the mixed oil group fluctuated the most,and the blood glucose rose the most after the intragastric administration of glucose.There was a significant difference between the1,3-DAG group and the mixed oil group,which indicated that diglyceride could effectively regulate blood glucose,maintain blood glucose homeostasis and improve insulin resistance.The analysis of serum indexes in the blood of mice showed that the cholesterol triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the high-dose 1,3-DAG group were significantly lower than those in the blend oil group,and the high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly higher than that in the blend oil group,which had a positive effect on the metabolism of blood lipid in mice.(3)High amylose corn starch resistant dextrin sodium caseinate was selected as composite wall material,and 1,3-DAG with 80% content was used as core material to prepare1,3-DAG microcapsules.First,the aqueous phase and the oil phase were mixed evenly,and then the emulsion was prepared into a uniform emulsion through two steps of high-speed shear and high pressure homogenization,and the prepared emulsion was removed through a spray dryer to prepare microcapsules.Taking the embedding rate of the microcapsules as the detection standard,The formula of the microcapsules was optimized to obtain the optimal amount of oil added.Five gradients were designed in the experiment.The amount of fixed emulsifier was 2%,the amount of diglyceride was 30%,29%,28%,27%,26%,and the corresponding amount of wall material was 68%,69%,70%,71%,72%.After preparing microcapsules,the optimal ratio was selected according to its embedding rate.The results showed that when the core material content was 28% and the wall material content was 70%,the microcapsule embedding rate was the highest,reaching 99.51%.Subsequently,the prepared microcapsules were evaluated,and the results showed that the moisture content of the 1,3-DAG microcapsules prepared in the experiment was 1.9%,the solubility was 98.05%,and the average particle size was 2.921 μm.The products obtained are uniform and stable and fine color and texture. |
PDF Full Text Request