Preparation Of Functional Polymer Material By Colloidal Crystal Template And Its Application In Adsorption And Separation

Recently,functional polymer porous materials based on colloidal crystal templates have been widely applied in many fields,such as adsorption separation,catalysis,and sensing due to the ingenious combination of structural advantages and polymer functionality.In this thesis,inverse opal（IO）functional polymer materials and functional polymer microcapsules were prepared by colloidal crystal templates method.The main research contents and results are as follows:（1）Poly（glycidyl methacrylate-co-divinylbenzene）（PGMD）with IO structure was successfully prepared by water-soluble microsphere polyacrylamide（PAM）as colloidal crystal template.High specific surface area of IO PGMD（HSS PGMD）was obtained by Friedel Alkylation（FC）reaction.Then IO PGMD and HSS PGMD were modified by diethylenetriamine（DETA）to obtain adsorbent materials for salicylic acid（SA）removal from aqueous solution.Compared that with the reported adsorbents,IO PGMD-DETA possessed the performance of ultrahigh adsorption capacity,comparatively short equilibration time,and relatively good reusability.The influences of the specific surface area and group content on adsorption capacity showed that the high content of group was favorable to improve the hydrophilicity and polarity of the materials,resulting in high adsorption capacity.IO PGMD-DETA-95（number 95 represents the mass ratio of GMA monomer）exhibited the largest adsorption capacity for SA.The maximum adsorption capacities of the Langmuir and Liu models were 905.0 mg/g and 908.4 mg/g at 40 °C,respectively.The equilibrium was reached within 30-40 min.In addition,the IO adsorbent maintained a substantially constant adsorption capacity and a complete IO structure after 5 adsorption-desorption cycles.（2）Different grafting amount of polyacrylate tert-butyl ester（Pt BA）were successfully grafted from the pore wall of inverse opal silica（IO SiO₂）by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization（SI-ATRP）technology.The Pt BA chains were converted to polyacrylic acid（PAA）chains（IO SiO₂-g-PAA）by hydrolysis reaction,and then IO SiO₂-gPAA was modified with diethylenetriamine（DETA）.The effect of reaction time on the grafting amount of the material was discussed.The amount of graft chain increased with the extension of grafting time.（3）Polydivinylbenzene（PDVB）microcapsules were successfully prepared by IO template combined with phase separation principle.The influence of the type of dopant on the structure of the material was explored.When the dopant was paraffin,hollow microcapsules could be prepared.Furthermore,sulfonated polystyrene microspheres were used as colloidal crystal template.A certain amount of PDDA was adsorbed on the surface of PS microspheres to prepare PS@PDDA composite.PDDA microcapsules were obtained by removing PS template with solvent.