Study On The Selection And Performance Of Pantograph Composite Material For Electric Locomotive Pantograph

Pantograph slider is the quite important collecting electricity component of electricity locomotive.Sliders that are often used currently can be classified into three types:powder metallurgy slider,carbon slider and immersed metal carbon slider based on material.With the high-speed development of electric locomotive,the demands to slider were improved continually and current sliders could not meet the needs of electric locomotive because current sliders have some defects.Powder metallurgy slider is short of self-lubrication performance and wears copper lead badly.Carbon slider breaks easily because of low impact toughness,and the resistivity of carbon slider is very high.Immersed metal carbon slider has lower impact toughness and wears copper lead severely A new slider of electric locomotive is developed aiming at avoiding defects of the current sliders.The new slider was made of copper,carbon,carbon fiber and additives.Depositing copper on the surface of graphite and carbon fiber can resolve the poor wettability of interface between copper and graphite or carbon fiber to enhance combining force of interface between them and improved overall capability of the material.A new technic of depositing copper on the surface of graphite was developed for the first time based on studying several methods of depositing copper on the of graphite.The technic taking bluestone as primary salt,znic as reducing agent cheaper silver nitrate replacing costly palladium chloride was simple in operation with low cost and high speed in depositing copper.A new technic of coating copper on the surface of carbon fiber was produced firstly after the methods of electroplate-copper and electreless plate-copper to carbon fiber was studied*The technic took potassium pyropnosnate and copper pyropnosnate as primary salt,OP-21 as dispersant to electroplate copper on the surface of carbon fiber without"black YOTe"problem.The copper on the surface of carbon fiber was red and even,and it integrated carbon closely.The new slider was prepared with content of graphite 15%,carbon fiber 1.50%,lead 3%,additives 0.02%-0,04wt%and copper.The technic of preparing slider was showed with pressure 200MPa,sintering temperature 850°C and time of heat preservation 6h.The resistivity of new slider reduced 87 times,impact toughness of new slider improved9.6 times and friction coefficient deduced 63.6%comparing with internal slider C₂₆;the resistivity of new slider reduced 27 times,impact toughness improved 4.6 times and fnction coefficient deduced 33.3%comparing with internal slider C_26p.The resistivity reduced 30times,although almost same in impact toughness comparing with JM-1 carbon fiber reinforced slider;The resistivity of new slider reduced 65 times,impact toughness improved2.7 times and friction coefficient deduced 20%comparing with Germany slider Rh82Mb;the resistivity of new slider reduced 44 times,impact toughness improved 3 times and friction coefficient deduced 62.5%comparing with Japanese slider MC.Industrial standard patograph slider with excellent performance can be produced using the technic studied in the thesis based on the result of magnifing experimentation of the slider.