Structure Design And Process Research Of Three-Dimensional Five-Axis Laser Cutting System

The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting system is widely applied in automotive parts,aerospace industry,mold manufacturing and other fields for its high efficiency,high precision and strong adaptability.However,due to the foreign blockade of the technology related to the high-performance three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting system as well as domestic lack of corresponding design methods and experience in this field,domestic similar products face problems such as unreasonable structure design,insufficient or excessive strength and backward processing technology.Therefore,the research of three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting system with completely independent intellectual property can not only accelerate the development of laser processing equipment and industry in China,but also maintain the international competitiveness of China’s manufacturing industry.According to the working characteristics of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting system,this paper studied its mechanical structure,technical parameters and processing technology.The specific research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)Scheme design and calculation of three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting system.According to the design requirements of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting system,the overall scheme design of the cutting system and key components was completed.Meanwhile,the movement modes and structures of the laser cutting head and X,Y,Z axis were determined.The gear rack,pinion,ball screw,guide rail and servo motor were selected and checked.(2)Finite element analysis of the key components of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting system.The static mechanics and modal analysis of the machine tool,cantilever beam and laser cutting head of the laser cutting system were carried out via ANSYS Workbench.The results suggested that the maximum deformations of three types of components were 33.8 μm,75.5 μm and 29.3 μm,with the corresponding maximum equivalent stress of 6.73 MPa,11.5 MPa and3.85 MPa,respectively.Besides,the natural frequencies of all components were above 60 Hz.Thus,all indices met the design requirements.On the basis of the finite element analysis results and the on-site problem feedback of the prototype,the Z-axis components as well as the structure of the cantilever beam of the laser cutting system were optimized and improved.(3)The technology research of three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting system.According to the special processing requirements in actual cutting process,a laser cutting system was designed,including laser head positioning,auxiliary cutting path setting,beam radius compensation,corner over-burning setting,and interference pretreatment setting.The temperature distribution of 22 Mn B5 hot-formed steel plates under different laser cutting parameters was numerically simulated by finite element analysis software,and the experiment of laser cutting parameters optimization was carried out on this basis The influence of different laser cutting parameters on cutting quality was analyzed by single factor experiment,and the optimized parameters were obtained according to the orthogonal experimental data,with the laser power of 1200 W,cutting speed of 2.4 m/min and auxiliary gas pressure of 1.2 MPa.The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting system developed in this paper was based on actual production requirements with reasonable structural strength design and machine tool technology settings that met processing requirements,which has certain reference significance and practical value for quality improvement of relevant equipment and products.