Research On High Quality And High Efficiency Polishing Passivation Technology And Equipment For Complex Tools

Tools occupies an important position in the machining process.However,the problems of premature wear,short life,and poor performance of tools are prominent at this stage,which have a large negative impact on production efficiency,manufacturing costs and processing quality.Tool passivation technology can eliminate microscopic defects of the cutting edge and obtain a smooth and rounded cutting edge profile.It is an effective measure to improve the overall performance and service life of the tool.Based on the existing problems of the dragtype passivation method and the demand for low-cost tool passivation,starting from the two major elements of drag-type passivation media and equipment,this paper provides a tool passivation solution using strain-hardening characteristics media and a multi-station passivation equipment,which can achieve high-quality and high-efficiency passivation of the cutting edge of the tool.The specific research content and results are as follows:On the basis of the existing loose medium,a viscoelastic medium with strain-hardening characteristics was developed,and the feasibility of the medium for high-quality and high-efficient passivation of cutting tools was verified through machining experiments.At the same time,based on the nature of tool passivation and the viscoelastic model of polymer,a material removal model for drag-type tool passivation was constructed from the perspective of a single abrasive particle,and the mechanism and influencing factors of tool passivation under viscoelastic media were theoretically explored;Taking the tap tool as an example,the orthogonal method and single factor method were used to explore the influence of media parameters and processing parameters on the tool passivation effect.The test results show that the influence of media factors on the tool passivation effect is in the order of mass fraction,abrasive grain type and particle size,the mass fraction of abrasive particles has a significant impact on the overall passivation effect of the tool;among the processing parameters,the passivation effect of the tool becomes more and more obvious with the increase of the spindle speed,passivation time and the complexity of the motion trajectory.Furthermore,based on the above process rules,a multi-process polishing tool passivation process plan was proposed,and a combination of rough and fine process machining tests were carried out for different types of tools,and each tool had achieved high-quality passivation effects within 1.5-2 min.Based on the overall design ideas of improving efficiency,ensuring quality,and reducing costs,the overall equipment design plan with multi-station and high-speed as the core was proposed,and the specific implementation plan of transmission mechanism and multi-station was analyzed and selected,and the main model of the multi-station drag-type passivation equipment was finally determined;In addition,the kinematics simulation analysis was carried out by adopting the transposition method for the equipment movement unit,and the influence of processing parameters,structural parameters,gyration radius and barrel speed on the movement trajectory of the tool mark point were explored,which provide a basis for further optimizing the equipment structure and selecting the speed of the barrel;at the same time,a reliability analysis was carried out for the main load-bearing unit of the equipment—the turntable component.The results show that the selected or designed slewing ring and turntable can meet the service requirements of the equipment.