Research On Water-based Fire-extinguishing Agent Based On Hydrocarbon And Silicone Surfactant Compounding System

This article studies the formulation of a water-based fire extinguishing agent.The initial design of the four components of the cooling suffocating functional component,the isolating functional component,the flame retardant functional component,and the anti-freezing and corrosion inhibiting functional component are designed.The foaming properties of surfactants,which plays an important role,are analyzed,and the mechanism of foaming by surfactants is studied.Then optimize the formula of the initial design,and carry out experimental research from Class A,B and K fire extinguishing,and discuss its actual effectiveness as a fire extinguishing agent.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Hypophosphite,as a phosphorus-based flame retardant with a high phosphorus content,is generally used in engineering plastic materials,etc.This article applies it to water-based fire extinguishing agents,which has a good flame retardant effect.Differential Scanning Calorimetry thermal analysis studies the thermal decomposition performance of hypophosphite and understands its mechanism as a flame retardant.Hypophosphite is a flame retardant with good thermal stability.(2)An aqueous solution of a mixture of a nonionic silicone surfactant and an anionic,nonionic,cationic hydrocarbon surfactant is prepared.The surface tension of the aqueous solution of the mixture was measured by the maximum bubble pressure method,and then the foaming ability and foam stability of the mixture were evaluated by the standard Ross-Miles method.It was found that the addition of a silicone surfactant can reduce the surface tension of an aqueous hydrocarbon surfactant solution.The critical micelle concentration also changed.The CMC of the 2235 / SDS and 2235 / CTAB mixed solutions all increased with the concentration of 2235,which decreased from 7.8mmol / l,7.5mmol / l to 4.0mmol / l,5.7mmol / l.And the surface tension at CMC also decreases,and the closer the CMC is,the more obvious the surface tension changes.Regardless of the ionic type of the hydrocarbon surfactant,the foam stability of the mixture generally increases as the concentration of the silicone surfactant increases.(3)First,the formulation of the fire extinguishing agent was optimized,and two foam stabilizers,xanthan gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,were selected according to their foam properties.The fire extinguishing effect of this water-based fire extinguishing agent on a Class A fire was compared with that of a domestic fire extinguishing agent.Compared with a domestic water-based fire extinguishing agent,the area of wood fire after the action of the homemade water fire extinguishing agent was significantly reduced.The wood stack fire was basically extinguished in about 6s.Simultaneously conduct Class B gasoline and kerosene fire experiments to compare with the initial formula and domestic fire extinguishing agents.Among them,the fire extinguishing time of formulas 2 and 6 were 13 s and 12.5s,while the initial formula was about 19 s,and the domestic fire extinguishing agent was about 18.5s.Comparing formulas 2 and 6 with better fire extinguishing effect,and the initial formula and domestic fire extinguishing agent formula,the fire extinguishing time of formula 2 and 6 is about 12 s,while the initial formula is about 14 s,and the domestic fire extinguishing agent formula is about 16 s..At the same time,the exploration of class K kitchen oil fires was also conducted,and the fire extinguishing agent can also be used to extinguish kitchen fires.