Research On 5-axis Machining Technology Of Integral Impeller Based On Mastercam

Impeller parts are representative of mechanical parts.Among them,the integral impeller has good aerodynamic and hydrodynamic characteristics due to its no tenon joint structure,high work efficiency,good strength,and high rigidity.It is used in national defense equipment,chemical manufacturing and daily life.widely used.The manufacturing process of the impeller is complex,and its work performance is greatly affected by the processing method,the quality of the processed surface and the processing accuracy.The traditional impeller processing often adopts ball-end milling cutter point milling method,the processing efficiency is low,which affects the widespread use of the impeller to a certain extent.Manufacturing and processing high-quality,high-precision,and complex blade-shaped impellers has always been a problem in the domestic high-end CNC machining field.In view of the above problems,this article takes the semi-open integral impeller as the research object,and conducts an in-depth analysis of impeller processing from the aspects of impeller fixture design,tool selection,machining process planning,machining process simulation,error analysis and control.The research content is as follows:1.Aiming at the disadvantages of the impeller fixture function and structure at this stage,combined with the shape and structure characteristics of the closed impeller,semi-open impeller and open impeller,a self-contained impeller that can adapt to different impeller shapes and sizes is proposed and designed.It is suitable for clamping fixture,and its structure is designed in detail based on Solid Works software.The designed clamp effectively solves the problem that the traditional clamp can only clamp a single type of impeller.2.On the basis of the actual force analysis of the impeller fixture during the work process,the Ansys Workbench software is used to perform static analysis on the overall structure of the fixture and the I-beam structure of the load-bearing mechanism.The stress and strain cloud diagrams are obtained respectively,and the results show that the deformation satisfies Design requirements;then the mechanical strength of the key parts of the fixture is checked and calculated,and its strength and stiffness meet the design requirements;Finally,the overall modal analysis of the fixture is performed to obtain the vibration frequencies of the fixture,and the results show the first six natural frequencies of the fixture There is a big difference between the excitation frequency of the cutting tool,so no resonance occurs,which verifies that the fixture structure design meets the requirements of machining dynamic performance.3.The method of tool path,the calculation method of tool path distance and step length in five-axis machining are studied,and the relationship between residual height and tool path distance in the process of surface machining is obtained;the tool coordinate system of BC double pendulum machine tool is studied.The principle of transformation with the workpiece coordinate system,through the kinematic equations of the five-axis machine tool,obtains the mathematical relationship between the tool axis vector and the angle of the two rotation axes,which provides a theoretical basis for subsequent processing simulation to avoid processing interference and improve error.4.in view of the processing difficulties and process requirements of the semi-open integral impeller,based on the division of the impeller processing area,the five-axis CNC milling process and tool path of the impeller blade and runner surface were formulated,and a reasonable selection was made.The cutting tools and machine tools,finally generated the processing procedure of the integral impeller.5.The impeller processing trajectory programming was carried out in the Mastercam software,and the processing parameters,tool types,processing strategies and other aspects of each processing step were further studied.Different processing obtained by using different processing parameters or different processing strategies The method of analyzing and comparing the trajectory and the simulation effect,the optimal processing trajectory is obtained,and the processing simulation is performed on the improved processing path based on Mastercam,which verifies the feasibility of the processing technology and the processing trajectory.6.on the basis of the error analysis of the machining method,the reasons for the machining of the blade and the hub surface in the impeller machining process are mainly analyzed,and the error control method is proposed theoretically.