Study On The Hydrogenation Process Of Heavy Oil (Residual Oil)

In recent years,with increasing of China crude oil external dependence year by year,and limitation of development of heavey oil catalytic cracking and coking process by the pressure of environmental protection,the environmental protection and efficient treatment of heavy oil and residue oil has been paid more and more attention by major refining enterprises,and heavy oil and residue hydrogenation process will become the main way to dispose of heavy oil and residue in the future.In this paper,the research,comparison and optimization of heavy oil(residue)hydrogenation of suspended bed,boiling bed and fixed bed were studied.The hydrogenation of heavy oil(residual oil)mainly includes the suspension bed hydrogenation,the boiling bed hydrogenation and the fixed bed hydrogenation process.By the comparative analysis of the development of the three processes,this paper researched non-industrial applications of the suspended bed hydrogenation process,more mature development of boiling bed technology abroad and successful domestic introduction,the wide application of fixed bed hydrogenation technology(the operation of industrial equipment has problems such as short cycle and unstable product properties).According to the research of the operation of heavy oil(residual oil)hydrogenation technology in China,it is found that boiling bed hydrogenation process can successfully treat heavy oil(residual oil)raw materials,and the device meets the design requirements.By the researched on the optimum process conditions and the adaptability of the raw materials,the advantages of boiling bed process in the field of heavy oil(residual oil)treatment were concluded.Based on the study of the abnormal production conditions,the safety and reliability of the process have been confirmed.By analyzing the industry operation of two fixed bed heavy oil(residual oil)hydrogenation units in China,this paper researches poor adaptability of raw materials and short operation cycle of the units.The space of partial optimization and improvement the process problem is not large and cannot fundamentally solve the inherent problems.On the basis of the above research,this paper puts forward a new idea of combination technology of boiling bed and fixed bed heavy oil(residue)hydrogenation.The boiling bed technology can make up for the disadvantages of the fixed bed technology,and can increase the oil yield and prolong the production cycle.