Study On The Combined Toxicity And Mechanism Of Cosmetic Additives And Outer Packaging Plasticizers On Vibrio-qinghaiensis Sp.-Q67

With the widespread use of cosmetics,more and more cosmetic additives(ADDs)and cosmetic packaging plasticizers(PLAs)enter the environment,forming a complex mixture of pollutants.The risks to the environment are also emerging.Therefore,5 ADDs(methylparaben(MET),ethylparaben(ETH),propylparaben(PRO),butyl hydroxy anisd(BHA)and salicylic acid(SAL))and 3 PLAs(bisphenol A(BPA),bisphenol S(BPS)and tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate(TBEP))were selected as model pollutants and Q67(Vibrio-qinghaiensis sp.-Q67,Q67)as the test organism.The simple and complex mixtures of ADDs and PLAs were designed by direct equipartition(Equray)and uniform design(UD-ray)ray design methods,respectively.The time-dependent microplate toxicity analysis(t-MTA)system was used to analyze toxicity characteristics of 5 ADDs and 3PLAs together with their mixtures at different exposure time(0.25,2,4,8 and 12 h).Concentration addition(CA)model was used to analyze toxicity interactions within mixtures.And a deviation from CA model(d CA)model was used to quantitatively evaluate the strength of toxicity interactions.The toxicity mechanism of five ADDs and three PLAs as well as their representative mixtures on Q67 was discussed by scanning electron microscope and other cell analysis techniques.The main conclusions of the experimental research were as follows:(1)The toxicity of five ADDs and three PLAs to Q67 showed a good concentration-effect relationship and obvious acute toxicity.The toxicity of ADDs to Q67 was not time-dependent.While the toxicity of PLAs was time-dependent,i.e.decreased with length of time.The order of toxicity of 5 ADDs and 3 PLAs was different at different exposure times(2)26 binary and multi-component mixture systems of 5 kinds of ADDs(total 132rays)had obvious acute toxicity to Q67,and the concentration ratio and time-dependent toxicity of the mixture system had certain differences.The interactions of the binary and multi-mixture systems of the five ADDs were mainly antagonism and synergy,and showed a similar interaction rule: the synergistic/antagonistic intensity increased first and then decreased with the increase of the mixture concentration.However,there was a positive correlation with the exposure time,and it mainly occured in the longer exposure time(4-12h)and in the middle and high concentration areas(except for the MET-ETH mixed system).The maximum synergy was between 10% and 30%.(3)The four binary and multi-component mixture systems of the three PLAs(a total of 20 rays)had obvious toxicity to Q67,but the concentration ratio and time-dependent toxicity of the four mixture systems were different.The binary and ternary mixtures of PLAs mainly exhibited antagonistic and synergistic effects.Except for the BPS-TBEP mixture system,the antagonistic effect intensity of R1-R3 rays was negatively correlated with the exposure time.The interaction strength of the mixture showed a similar variation law,that is,it first increased and then decreased with the increase of the concentration of the mixture,and it continued to increase with the prolongation of the exposure time,and the maximum antagonistic effect appeared in the BPS-TBEP mixed system,while The greatest synergy appears in the BPA-BPS mixture system.(4)The toxicity of the eight-component mixture of ADDs and PLAs to Q67 also had obvious acute and time-dependent toxicity to Q67.And the toxicity interaction was mainly antagonism/weak synergism.The intensity of antagonism/weak synergism increased first and then decreased with the mixture concentration and increased with the extension of exposure time.The intensity of antagonism of U4 ray of octavalent mixture was the strongest at 12 h,and the maximum antagonistic intensity was 60%.The weak synergistic effect appeared in U10 rays.When the exposure time was 2 h,the maximum synergistic intensity was 3%.(5)The eight chemicals and their representative mixture could damage the normal cell structure of Q67.The external shape of Q67 cells was broken.The boundary between cell structures became unclear.Adhesion occured between cells.Mutual fusion occured between some bacterial cells.And the cell membrane beaome uneven and could not maintain the normal shape.Chemicals led to the outflow of macromolecules of nucleic acid and soluble protein.In addition,the content of nucleic acid and soluble protein macromolecules in the culture medium would be higher than that in the control group.