The Threshold Of Foreign Direct Investment On China’s Carbon Intensity Effect Of Research

Since the reform and opening up,foreign direct investment(FDI)has flooded into China.While promoting economic development and social progress,it has also had a profound impact on China’s ecological environment.Foreign direct investment inflows have increased 40-fold between 1990 and 2018,and the current growth trend is still stable.The carbon dioxide emissions were in a stable state before 2000.As China joined the World Trade Organization(WTO),it began to increase rapidly.At the same time,the intensity of carbon emissions also increased rapidly,causing the ecological environment to deteriorate.At present,China’s carbon emission intensity is much higher than the world average.We can’t help thinking:what role does continuously increasing foreign direct investment play in the face of carbon emission intensity?After FDI enters China,it will also be constrained by various development conditions of investment destinations in the process of promoting economic development.In terms of the impact on the development of the ecological environment,human capital and environmental regulation are particularly important factors.The level of regional human capital affects the amount and type of FDI attracted by the region and the ability to absorb and transform the technology transfer brought by FDI,which in turn affects the carbon dioxide emissions produced by the enterprise.The intensity of regional environmental regulations directly affects the carbon emissions of incoming FDI,the investment of enterprises in the environment in the production process,and the improvement of environmental protection technology,which in turn affects the carbon emissions of enterprises.Based on this,this article studies the impact of foreign direct investment on China’s carbon emission intensity from a dual perspective of human capital and environmental regulation.The research in this paper not only helps developing countries to make use of the relevant theories of FDI,but also can provide theoretical basis and policy reference for the government to attract foreign direct investment and regulate the development of foreign direct investment and develop low-carbon economy policies.Based on the existing theory,this paper systematically analyzes the mechanism of foreign direct investment’s impact on carbon emission intensity and the role of human capital and environmental regulation,and selects the panel data of 30 provinces from 2000 to 2017 in China as a sample.The dual perspective of capital and environmental regulation studies the threshold effect of FDI on carbon emission intensity,and then puts forward corresponding policy recommendations.The content arrangement and conclusion of the full text are as follows.The first chapter is an introduction.On the basis of elaborating the background and research vaiue of the article selection,and sorting out and commenting on the relevant literature on the impact of FDI on the ecological environment and the impact of FDI on carbon emissions,the research content and methods of this article,as well as the innovations and deficiencies of the article are summarized.The second chapter is the theoretical basis and mechanism.First,sort out the relevant theories that FDI affects carbon emissions;second,from the perspective of human capital and environmental regulation,analyze the mechanism of FDI on the host country’s carbon emissions.The analysis results show that human capital mainly plays the role of threshold effect through three channels that affect industrial structure,industry competition and technology spillover degree.Environmental regulation mainly plays a role by affecting the type of FDI companies entering,the technology update cycle of the enterprise,and consumer value selection.The third chapter is the current status of China’s FDI attraction and carbon emissions.First,it analyzes the development of FDI flowing into China in terms of the overall changes in China’s FDI attraction,the industrial distribution of China’s FDI investment,and the distribution of major investment locations.Second,it analyzes China’s carbon emissions from different levels such as the country’s overall,per capita,and domestic provinces.Status;Finally,the graphic method is used to analyze the relationship between China’s FDI attraction and carbon emissions,as well as the role of human capital and environmental regulation,thereby providing a typical factual basis for the following empirical analysis.The research in this chapter finds that FDI inflows to China have large differences in various provinces,regions,and industries.The FDI inflow quota in the eastern region occupies a clear advantage and has a rapid growth rate.Manufacturing is the industry with the largest proportion of FDI inflows.Finance,Inforrmation,business services and other industries are accelerating;the country’s overall carbon emissions are among the highest in the world,but per capita carbon emissions are lower than those of the world’s major developed countries,and there are regional differences in inter-provincial carbon emissions.Shandong,Shanxi,and Inner Mongolia have higher carbon emissions;There is a nonlinear relationship between human capital and environmental regulation when FDI affects the intensity of carbon emissions.Chapter 4 is an empirical study on the threshold effect of foreign direct investment on China’s carbon emission intensity.First,based on a non-dynamic panel threshold regression model,construct a threshold effect model that conforms to foreign direct investment affecting China’s carbon emission intensity;second,from the perspective of human capital and environmental regulations,the threshold regression result of foreign direct investment affecting China’s carbon emission intensity is carried out Empirical analysis;again,fully consider the regional heterogeneity of China’s provinces,and conduct regional heterogeneity analysis on the threshold effect of foreign direct investment on China’s carbon emissions;finally,adopt measures that consider endogenous issues and replace core explanatory variables Two methods are used to test the robustness of the empirical results.The research results in this chapter show that on the one hand,there is a significant threshold effect of human capital and environmental regulation on the impact of foreign direct investment on carbon emission intensity;when the level of human capital and environmental regulation is low,the entry of foreign direct investment will lead to carbon emissions Intensity increases.When the level of human capital and environmental regulations exceeds the threshold,the increase in the scale of foreign direct investment will help reduce the intensity of carbon emissions.On the other hand,most provinces in China have reached the "threshold" for human capital and environmental regulation,but there are still western provinces such as Gansu,Xinjiang,and Ningxia that have not reached the "threshold";the "threshold" in the eastern region is significantly higher than there are regional differences in the "threshold value"in the western region.Chapter 5 is conclusions and policy recommendations.On the basis of systematically summarizing the previous research conclusions,the corresponding policy recommendations are proposed from four aspects:FDI inflow industry,FDI entry area,human capital and environmental regulation.The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in three aspects:First,this paper studies the relationship between FDI and carbon emission intensity by constructing a Hansen non-dynamic panel threshold model,and explains the "pollution paradise" hypothesis and"pollution aura" hypothesis from the perspective of nonlinear effects the problem of conflicting conclusions of some studies.Second,this article studies the impact of FDI on the ecological environment from the specific angle of carbon dioxide emission intensity,rather than from the overall perspective of the ecological environment.A specific perspective allows us to more clearly understand the impact of FDI companies’ carbon emissions on China’s ecological environment.Third,this article starts from three different survey dimensions of countries,regions and provinces,with particular emphasis on the changing trends of regions and provinces.Based on a comprehensive investigation of the overall development trend of China’s FDI and carbon emissions in the past 18 years and a detailed analysis of the current status of FDI and carbon emissions intensity,the empirical test of the impact of FDI on carbon emissions and the threshold of this effect in different regions and Heterogeneity in different provinces.