The Detection Of Amantadine By Raman Spectroscopy And Gold Nanoparticle Probes

Amantadine(AMD)is an antiviral drug for humans.It was early used to prevent and treat diseases caused by influenza virus,and was later used as a medicine for poultry and livestock.Because of its low cost,it is widely used in the breeding industry.Long-term use of amantadine will cause the virus to mutate and produce resistant strains.Moreover,the residue of amantadine in poultry and meat products will also enter the human body through the food chain,causing adverse effects on human health.Therefore,China has prohibited the use of amantadine and its derivatives in the aquaculture industry.At present,the residue of amantadine drugs in livestock breeding is difficult to be detected at low concentrations,which is one of the difficulties in the safety monitoring and detection of poultry and meat foods.Therefore,it is necessary to establish an effective detection of amantadine.In this paper,a gold nanoparticle(AuNPs)probe capable of identifying amantadine was designed.And we combined this AuNPs probe with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and colorimetric to establish a dual sensor for amantadine detection.We designed and synthesized two gold nanoparticle probes modified by two functional molecules respectively.Mercapto-β-cyclodextrin were connected to the surface of gold nanoparticles through gold-sulfur bond(Au-S),which was called AuNPs probe I.4-mercaptobenzaldehyde was combined to the surface of AuNPs through gold-sulfur bond(Au-S),which was called AuNPs probe Ⅱ.All of these two probes can bind amantadine when they exist alone,but it is difficult to characterization and quantitative detection.When this two kinds of AuNPs probes are applied to combine amantadine at the same time,the two parts of the amantadine will cross-link the two kinds of AuNPs probes together,so that the AuNPs will aggregate.According to the colorimetric method,when the concentration of amantadine exceeds 7μmol/L,naked eye detection can be achieved.At this time,the color of gold nanoparticle solution changed from red to purple.In the concentration range of amantadine 0-7 μmol/L,it can be further detected by ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy.According to the result,we can see that the ultraviolet absorption intensity of the gold nanoparticle at the maximum absorption wavelength of 525 nm decreases,while the ultraviolet-visible absorption intensity in the wavelength range of 600-700 nm increases.The theory of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is as follows:In the presence of amantadine,gold nanoparticles modified with Raman reporter molecules aggregate,which in turn leads to enhanced SERS signal.The experiment found that the enhancement of the SERS signal is related to the amantadine concentration,the correlation coefficient is R2=0.9987,and the detection limit is 0.047 μmol/L.The quantification detection of amantadine was realized by Raman spectroscopy.This method has the advantages of high sensitivity and simple operation.It provides a theoretical basis and method for the detection of adamantine-derive drug and the application of this new probe in the detection of food safety.