Study On The Preparation Technology Of Special Organic Inorganic Fertilizer For Summer Maize In Fluvo Aquic Soil Of North Henan Area

The important value of summer corn is not only edible,but also widely used in feed and industrial raw materials.However,with the further sharp decrease of corn planting area,the demand of corn is increasing with the economic growth.In order to achieve higher yield,a large amount of fertilizer is applied,which leads to soil deterioration,water pollution and affects the quality of summer corn.The application of inorganic fertilizer can increase crop yield in the short term,but the long-term accumulation of inorganic salts will reduce soil quality and pollute the environment.Organic fertilization is known to increase soil organic carbon content and soil fertility,promote the growth and activities of microorganisms.Besides,it can also improve soil physical and chemical properties,and provide comprehensive nutrition for crops.Biochar can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil,increase nutrient utilization and microbial activity.However,the nutrient content of organic fertilizer and biochar is low,which cannot provide the basic nutrients for maize growth.The North Henan area is the main production area of national maize.Therefore,the field experiments conducted in the north of Henan Province in the early stage of the project group determined the nutrient demand of Summer Maize in the Fluvo Aquic soil of North Henan,including nutrient quantities of N 168,P₂O₅ 75,K₂O 75 kg/ha,and the nutrient composition ratio of 16-7.1-7.1,18.7-8.3-8.3 and 22.4-10-10 in organic and inorganic fertilizers were prepared by extrusion granulation.The research results are as follows.（1）Through single factor experiment,the effects of water content of organic fertilizer,filler addition and template pore size on the granulation rate and strength percentage of fertilizer particles were studied,and a new compound fertilizer particle process based on cow manure,chicken manure and biochar was developed.Three kinds of fertilizer particles with different contents of organic fertilizer were prepared for each kind of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.Under the optimum conditions,the granulation rate of three different specifications（16-7.1-7.1,18.7-8.3-8.3,22.4-10-10）of cow manure based compound fertilizers were 92.30%,93.20%and 95.40%respectively,and the strength percentage were 93.10%,90.40%and 91.40%respectively;the granulation rate of the same chicken manure based compound fertilizer were 90.23%,92.30%and 93.40%,and the strength percentage were 92.06%,91.40%and 90.40%respectively;biochar The granulation rate of base fertilizer was92.92%,92.20%and 91.34%respectively,and the strength percentage was 90.06%,89.40%and 89.60%respectively（2）The changes of p H,conductivity,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of cattle manure based compound fertilizer and chicken manure based compound fertilizer with three nutrient contents in static water for 24 h and 168 h were determined,and the nutrient release law was studied.The results showed that the slow release ability of cow manure based compound fertilizer and chicken manure based compound fertilizer increased with the increase of organic fertilizer.The longest release period of cattle manure with the ratio of 16-7.1-7.1 based compound fertilizer and chicken manure of the ratio of 16-7.1-7.1 based compound fertilizer was 120 h,as well as the fertilizer with the ratio of 18.7-8.3-8.3.（3）The nitrogen release characteristics of cattle manure based compound fertilizer and chicken manure based compound fertilizer were described by E1ovich equation.Parameter b of the equations showed that the nitrogen release rate of cattle manure based compound fertilizer decreases with the increase of cattle manure content,and the nitrogen release rate of chicken manure based compound fertilizer had no significant difference,which was consistent with the measured data.