Research On The Electrical Output Characteristics Of Piezoelectric Ceramics Based On Explosive Transducers

Since the 20 th century,self-powered technology has been rapidly developed,but now many devices use the method of direct current to power the electric detonator,electrostatic damage and complex electromagnetic environment will use the electrical equipment will be interrupted by interference,ignition and detonation device accidental explosion.Therefore,it is urgent to find a new self-energy way to replace the traditional chemical battery energy supply.The emergence of explosive electric transducer with piezoelectric ceramics as the core component breaks the limitation of self-energy technology.Explosive transducer is a kind of small high power pulse power supply,but because the dynamic experimental study of piezoelectric ceramics in explosive transducer is very complicated,so the research in this field is less,which limits the wide application of this technology.In this paper,the method of simulating the working principle of explosive transducer is proposed to study its electrical output characteristics.The main research contents are as follows:1.By analyzing the working principle and equivalent circuit of the explosive transducer,the electrical output characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramic stack in the explosive transducer under the impact load were theoretically deduced,and the functional relationship among the output voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic,the number of layers of the piezoelectric ceramic and the impact stress of the piezoelectric ceramic under the action of external force was obtained.2.The influence of external temperature and preload on the voltage of piezoelectric ceramics caused by explosive explosion in explosive transducer is simulated by temperature-pressure experiment.The results show that there is a linear relationship between the temperature and the voltage of PZT95/5 when the temperature varies from 40℃-70℃.However,when the temperature exceeds 70℃,a slight increase in the temperature will cause a significant increase in the voltage at both ends of PZT95/5.When the external temperature varies from 40℃-90℃,the influence of the preloading force of 10 MPa on the electrical output characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramics is small.3.The SHPB impact experiment was carried out to simulate the real impact conditions of PZT in the explosive transducer,and the influence of different impact velocities and different layers of PZT95/5 PZT in the stack on the electrical output characteristics of the explosive transducer was studied.The results show that the peak voltage of PZT95/5 is positively correlated with the peak stress when the impact velocity of the detonation transducer is between 7 m/s and 31.3 m/s.When the number of layers of PZT95/5 PZT stack is between 1and 4,the voltage peak generated by PZT stack is positively correlated with the number of layers of PZT stack,and there is breakdown discharge in PZT stack under strong impact.4.The finite element simulation of SHPB experiment,the experiment of different impact velocity and different layer PZT95/5 stress time history diagram of the piezoelectric ceramics and comparing the simulation results,found that the simulation result was consistent with the experimental results,this paper selected in HJC model parameters can accurately predict the stress variation in the SHPB experiment,the accuracy of experimental results also illustrate SHPB experimental stress.