Research On The Design Of Fire Extinguishing Facilities For Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles,electric vehicle charging stations are being built on a large scale nationwide.The large number of electric vehicles,power batteries and charging piles in electric vehicle charging stations make the fire danger increases sharply and higher possibility of fire hazards.Electric vehicle charging station as a new type of building,the specification for arrangement of fire extinguishing facilities is not specific,high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system as a new green automatic fire extinguishing system,with cooling,asphyxiation double fire extinguishing action,in the electric vehicle charging station has good application prospects.Therefore,the underground electric vehicle charging station is selected as a research object in this paper,using high-pressure fine water mist fire extinguishing system as the main fire extinguishing facilities,through experiments,design,simulation and theory combined means of its fire extinguishing research,the main content of the study is as follows:(1)Summarize the current main structure types of electric vehicle charging stations,and select the main fire extinguishing facilities based on the fire statistics of this type of building and the comparison of fire hazards.It is found that the high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system has unique advantages in the application of electric vehicle charging stations.Have good application prospects.(2)Analyze the hazard sources in the electric vehicle charging station and found that the lithium battery is the main source of hazard in the building.The thermal runaway of the lithium battery is the core problem of the fire.At the same time,the lithium battery fire cannot be effectively extinguished.Cool the lithium battery near the parking space with the fire source.Protection is the key to suppressing the development of fires in electric vehicle charging stations.(3)A high-pressure water mist cooling verification experiment was carried out for the thermal runaway of lithium batteries.Two working conditions of direct injection and shielded injection were set.The cooling rates of the lithium battery under the two working conditions were 14.15℃/min and 7.86℃/min,respectively.The surface temperature of the lithium battery returns to normal temperature within 5 minutes after the high-pressure water mist is turned on.The high-pressure water mist has a significant cooling effect on the lithium battery that is about to be thermally runaway,which proves that the high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system can play a very good Good protection.(4)Taking an underground electric vehicle garage as an example,design the high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system,summarize the design parameters,system selection and other design points,and provide references for the design of the high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system of this type of building.(5)Take the engineering example mentioned in this article as an example to carry out FDS fire simulation,set two working conditions of the high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system on and off,through the change law of heat release rate,temperature,CO concentration,flue gas visibility and other parameters,the results show that The fire extinguishing system can effectively suppress the development of fire.