| Pharmaceutical wastewater is a kind of difficult degradable organic wastewater with complex composition,high concentration,and toxic and harmful,and the existing treatment processes are usually unable to degrade the high concentration of organic wastewater,and most of them are directly admitted to a hazardous waste Center for treatment.The discharge of pharmaceutical wastewater has not caused a great impact on the environment,but also threatened human health.With the booming pharmaceutical industry in China,the up-to-date treatment and discharge of pharmaceutical wastewater has attracted social attention,and the state promulgated and implemented the water pollutant discharge standard of pharmaceutical industry,which is the first environmentally friendly standard for the pharmaceutical industry in China.To bring the pharmaceutical wastewater up to standard discharge,researchers have focused on developing novel and efficient water treatment technologies for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater.Conventional water treatment methods have great impact on the inability to completely degrade pharmaceutical wastewater and easily cause secondary pollution.However,electrochemical oxidation method is known as green and clean water treatment technology because of the advantages of no need for chemical agent administration,high degradation efficiency,simple equipment,no sludge discharge and no generation of secondary pollution.In recent years,this method has more and more applications in the treatment of industrial wastewater,among which three-dimensional electrode technology has been widely studied because of its high catalytic efficiency.In this paper,berberine hydrochloride（BH）was selected as the target pollutant to investigate the treatment of BH wastewater and pharmaceutical wastewater using three-dimensional electrode reactor,and the main research results are as follows:（1）The Fe3O4/SnO2-GO particle electrode was successfully prepared by hydrothermal method using FeCl3,SnCl4 and graphite,the structure and elemental composition of the particle electrode were characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM,FTIR and XPS methods,the sheet layered go and cluster Sn O2 were successfully loaded on globular Fe3O4 and the magnetic properties of the composite particle electrode were tested by VSM characterization,using CV curve to test the electrochemical performance of the particle electrode.（2）BH was used as the target pollutant to demonstrate that the newly synthesized Fe3O4/Sn O2-GO particle electrode showed more excellent electrocatalytic performance toward BH;the effects of current density,particle electrode dosing,electrode spacing,initial p H,and ionic strength on the degradation of BH in the 3D-EF system were investigated,and the results showed 98.21%BH removal after 120 min under the optimal treatment conditions.（3）Comparing the two-dimensional and three-dimensional electrocatalytic systems（Fe3O4,Sn O2,Fe3O4/Sn O2,and Fe3O4/Sn O2-GO as the particle electrodes,respectively）for BH degradation,the three-dimensional Fe3O4/Sn O2-GO electrocatalytic system showed the highest BH removal efficiency,which reached 94.77%after 90 min.Stability experiments on the Fe3O4/Sn O2-GO particle electrode showed that the removal efficiency toward BH only decreased by 1.87%after five cycle uses.（4）Different trapping agents were employed to trap the main active species in the system,and the main free radical in the system was determined to be·OH,in order to deduce the mechanism of pollutant degradation by the three-dimensional electrode:BH,under direct oxidation and indirect oxidation,is attacked by strongly oxidizing radicals to form small molecule oxidation products or directly mineralized to CO2 and H2O.（5）The three-dimensional electro Fenton reactor with Fe3O4/Sn O2-GO as the particle electrode was investigated for the treatment of real pharmaceutical wastewater.Under the optimal reaction conditions,the removal rate of COD from pharmaceutical wastewater was83.59%after 12 h,and the cost of water treatment was about 180 RMB/t. |
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